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Micro Ch. 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abiogenesis | the development of living organisms from nonliving matter |
| airborne diseases | refers to the spread of pathogens by droplet nuclei |
| algae | large and diverse group of simple organisms containing chlorophyll |
| animalcules | microscopic organisms "small animals" |
| archaea | group of single-celled microorganisms that are similar to bacteria (also are prokaryotes) |
| aseptic | free of microorganisms; using methods to protect against pathogenic microorganisms |
| bacteria | a large group of unicellular, prokaryotic organisms |
| binomial | consisting of or relating to 2 names or terms |
| biofilms | microorganisms organized into complex communities of different organisms, growing on a surface |
| bioremediation | any process that uses microorganisms or their enzymes to return the environment altered by contaminants to its original condition |
| classification | the assignment of organisms into taxa on the basis of similarities |
| commensalism | a term used to describe a symbolic relationship in which one of the organisms benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped |
| compound microscope | a form of light microscope with ocular and objective lenses |
| dissection microscopes | a low-power microscope designed for observing larger objects such as insects, worms, plants, or any objects that may have to be dissected for further observation |
| domains | the highest taxonomic rank of an organism |
| electron microscope | uses a beam of electrons rather than light as the source of energy to visualize specimens |
| endospores | a dormant, tough, nonreproductive structure that some bacteria can produce in response to unfavorable environmental conditions |
| eukaryotic | an organism whose cells contain a DNA-containing nucleus and membrane-bound cell oraganelles |
| foodborne diseases | involves pathogens in or on foods that are incompletely cooked, poorly processed under unsanitary conditions, not refrigerated, or poorly refrigerated |
| fungi | heterotrophic single-celled, multinucleated, or multi-cellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms |
| genera | the usual major subdivision of a family or subfamily in the classification of organisms, usually consisting of more than 1 species |
| genus | a group of species closely related in structure and evolutionary origin; the level of grouping falls between family and species |
| identification | in taxonomy, the process of specifying, identifying, and recording the traits of organisms |
| immunology | the study of the genetic, biological, chemical, physical characteristics of the immune system |
| koch's postulates | criteria to establish the causative agent of a specific disease |
| light microscopes | microscope that uses the visible light spectrum to visualize a specimen |
| mutualism | a symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit |
| nomenclature | deals with the rules for naming organisms |
| normal flora | microorganisms that are usually found at given anatomic sites in a healthy human body without causing infection or disease |
| parasitism | a symbiotic relationship wherein one organism benefits and the other is harmed |
| pasteurization | the process of heating foods at a temperature and time combination intended to destroy harmful bacteria without changing the composition,flavor, or nutrient value of the food |
| pathogenic | the ability to cause disease |
| phylum | the taxonomic rank below kingdom and above class |
| phylogeny | deals with the evolutionary relationship between organisms |
| prions | infectious proteinaceous particles that are neither cellular organisms nor viruses |
| prokaryotes | an organism, typically unicellular, that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. includes bacteria and archaea |
| protozoans | unicellular, eukaryotic, usually chemoheterotrophic organisms that live in environments with an ample water supply |
| species | a biological taxonomic grouping below genus in which all organisms bear a close resemblance to each other in essential features and sexually produce fertile progeny |
| stereomicroscopes | low-power microscopes designed for observing larger objects such as insects, worms, plants, or any objects that may need to be dissected for further observation |
| sterilization | the destruction/removal of all microorganisms and their spores |
| stromatolites | masses of cells or microbial mats made up of fossilized photosynthetic prokaryotes |
| synergism | the effect produced in a relationship in which 2 chemicals or organisms work together to produce an effect greater than could have been achieved individually |
| taxa or taxon | a group of related organisms |
| taxonomy | the practice and science of classification of living things |
| viroids | a single-stranded RNA molecule, lacking a capsid, that is an infectious agent in plants |
| waterborne diseases | disease that is spread or sustained by water |
Created by:
elmore00
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