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Yr9 Sound and Ear
Part 2 of Energy topic on energy, sound and ear, light and eye definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Longitudinal wave | A wave produced by particles vibrating parallel to the direction of the wave movement |
| Transverse wave | A wave produced by particles vibrating perpendicular (90o) to the direction of the wave movemet |
| Amplitude | The height of a crest (or trough) of a wave when measured from the rest position |
| Wavelength | The maximum distance between two adjacent/successive crests or troughs |
| Frequency | The number of waves that pass a given point in one second |
| Sound | Vibrations that travel through the air or another medium and can be heard when they reach a person’s ear. |
| Hertz (Hz) | Unit of measurement of frequency |
| Crest | The highest point of a wave |
| Trough | The lowest point of a wave |
| Pitch | Frequency of a sound wave |
| Loudness | Amplitude of a sound wave |
| Oscilloscope | An instrument used to visualise (or graph) the waves |
| Pinna | The outer ear which focuses the sound into the inner ear |
| Auditory canal | The channel that carries the sound focused by the pinna into the ear |
| Lobule | The ear lobe |
| Semicircular canals | The three tube-like and looped structures of the inner ear, that function together function to mainten the sense of balance in the body |
| Auditory nerve | The nerves that carry the signals transferred by the cilia to the brain |
| Cochlea | A coiled tub located in the inner ear |
| Hammer | One of the three smallest bones in your body. This bone receives the sound wave’s vibrations from the ear drum |
| Anvil | One of the three smallest bones in your body. This bone receives the vibration from the hammer |
| Stirrup | One of the three smallest bones in your body. This bone receives vibrations from the anvil and passes it to the cochlea. |
| Ear drum | A stretched membrane that behaves like the skin of a drum |
| Cilia | Thousands of hair-like nerve endings found in the cochlea |