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Med Surg
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What on a EKG strip would reveal myocardial ischemia? | Elevated ST segment |
| What kind of drug is Alteplase? And how soon must it be administered after onset of MI? | Thrombolytic and Within six hours |
| Which medication is given to clients who are diagnosed with angina but are allergic to aspirin? | Clopidogrel |
| What kind of drugs are amlodipine, diltiazem, and felodipine? | Calcium channel blocker’s |
| What is the biomarker test it for a myocardial infarction? And how long does it remain elevated? | Troponin and two weeks |
| What condition is seen in metabolic syndrome? | Insulin Resistance, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, pro inflammatory state, and pro thrombotic state |
| What kind of treatment is given for a venous stasis ulcer and Has a chronic nonhealing skin lesion? | Topical hyperbaric oxygen therapy |
| What is an Important thing to do in management of a client while preparing for an angioplasty? | Withhold anticoagulant therapy to decrease the chance of hemorrhage |
| What does morphine do for a patient with severe chest pain? | Morphine sulfate decreases pain perception and Exide he which would also decrease heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen demand. |
| What are the actions of a calcium channel blocker and the effects on ischemic myocardium? | They decrease the SA node automaticity, AV node conduction, resulting in a slow her heart rate and decrease in strength of mile cardio contraction |
| What indicator is present for a patient to have a coronary artery bypass graft? | The patient has to at least have 70% occlusion of a major coronary artery. |
| What is arteriosclerosis? | Hardening of the arteries |
| What is cardiogenic shock? | Occurs when decreased CEO leads to in adequate tissue perfusion and initiation of the shock syndrome |
| What are signs and symptoms of cardiogenic shock? | Decrease blood pressure increased heart rate decreased respiratory rate, Cold and clammy skin, decreased urine output it, confusion |
| What is a classic symptom of coronary artery disease? | Chest pain that is sudden onset or discomfort during activity or stress |
| What is a electron beam computed tomography? | This test is to detect and quantify calcified plaque in the coronary arteries even before symptoms arise it is noninvasive and provides clear images with less exposure to radiation. |
| Myoglobin | Is elevated when a patient is suggestive of having an acute myocardial infarction and is a biomarker that rises in 2 to 3 hours after heart damage |
| Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty | To be effective it has to be performed 60 minutes beginning with arrival at the emergency department after diagnoses of A MI, also known as door to balloon time |
| What medication can neutralize the unfractionated heparin a client has received? | Protamine sulfate is known as the antagonist for an fractionized heparin |
| Aortic Stenosis indicates left ventricular failure, what are the signs and symptoms | "DOP", dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema |
| what can pericarditis lead to? | cardiac tamponade, heart failure, pericardial effusion |
| Autograft valve replacement surgery | patient uses their own valve to replace the one needed and beneficial because anticoagulation is not needed due to it being their own tissue and not thrombogenic |
| echocardiography for infectious and inflammatory cardiac disorders | pericardial effusion, pericarditis, cardiac tamponade, and heart failure because it can detect the excess fluid accumulated. |
| The right atrium receives __________ blood from the body via superior vena cava and inferior vena cava. | Deoxygenated |
| The right ventricle receives blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs via the _______ artery. | Pulmonary |
| The left atrium receives _________ blood from the lungs via 4 pulmonary veins. | Oxygenated |
| The left ventricle is the __________ and most muscular chamber. | Largest |
| The left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the left atrium and pumps blood into the systemic circulation via the _________. | Aorta |
| The AV valves close at the beginning of _________ contraction and prevent blood from flowing back into the atria from the ventricles; the valves open when the ventricles relax. | Ventricular |
| The semilunar valves prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles during _________; they open during ventricular contraction and close when the ventricles begin to relax. | Relaxation |
| Main pacemaker that initiates each heartbeat; generates electrical impulses at 60-100 bpm. | SA node |
| receives electrical impulses from SA node; if SA node fails, this node can initiate and sustain a heart rate of 40-60 bpm. | AV node |
| S3 third heart sound which are heard if ventricular wall compliance is decreased; but maybe normal in 30 years of ago or younger. | Heard with Heart Failure, or Valvular Regurgitation |
| S4 fourth heart sound that is heard on atrial systole if resistance to ventricular filling is present; | Heard with cardiac hypertrophy, disease, or injury to he ventricular wall. |
Created by:
Mixdiaz
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