Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
L2 Genetics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Characteristic | general expression of a gene, eg a form of the ripe seed, colour of the flower |
| Trait | alternative forms of the genetic characteristic, eg wrinkled seeds and smooth seeds, purple flowers and white flowers. |
| P1 generation | a cross made between two pure-breeding parent plants |
| F1 generation | first filial generation, the hybrid offspring of the P1 cross. |
| F2 generation | second filial generation, the offspring from inbreeding the F1 generation. |
| Genotype | The genetic make-up of an organism; the gene formula of an organism. |
| Phenotype | The physical, physiological, or chemical expression of an organism's genes, (ie what the trait looks like). |
| Allele | Alternative form of a gene at a locus. |
| Homozygous | Having two identical alleles for a given trait. |
| Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a given trait. |
| Recessive allele | In a heterozygote, the allele that is completely masked in the phenotype. |
| Dominant allele | In a heterozygote, the allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype. |
| Hybrid | The offspring of two animals or plants of different races, breeds, varieties, species or genera. |
| Test cross or back cross | Breeding of an organism of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual, to determine the unknown genotype. The ratio of phenotypes in the offspring determines the unknown genotype. |
| Incomplete dominance | A type of inheritance where the offspring shows a phenotype that is intermediate between the phenotypes of the parents eg red and white --> pink. |
| Lethal alleles | An allele that has a prominent visible effect as a heterozygote and is lethal as a homozygote. |
| Codominance | The phenotype of the offspring shows features of both parental traits. |
| Multiple alleles | Where there are more than two alternative alleles for a gene locus, eg blood groups |
| Monohybrid cross | A cross that considers parental varieties that differ in a single characteristic |
| Dihybrid cross | A cross that considers parental varieties that differ in two characteristics. |
| Sex-linked genes | Genes located on one sex chromosome but not the other (usually the X chromosome) eg haemophilia, colour-blindness. |
Created by:
kjsime
Popular Biology sets