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Chapter 4-1 Elsakka
Properties of Minerials
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| mineral | a natuarally occuring, inorganic solid that has a crystal stucture and a deffinite chemical compostion! |
| naturally occurring | substance must occur natuarally (cement brick, glass, steel not natural) |
| Ignorganic | the mineral cannot arise from materials that were once part of a living thing(coal not mineral) |
| Solid | a definate volume and shape.(particles are packed tightly) |
| crystal structure | particles line up in a pattern that repeats over and over again! |
| Definate chemical compound | always contains certain elements in definate proportions |
| element | a substance composed of a single kind of atom |
| compound | 2 or more elements combined so that the elementsno longer have distinct properties |
| NOTE: each mineral has its own specific properties that can be used to identify | NOTE:physical and chemical characteristics |
| How do you identify hardness??? | Wit Mohs Hardness Scale(ranks 10 minerals from softest to hardest) |
| what is the softest and hardest mineral? | talc is the softest and a dimond is the hardest. |
| what are ways to identify a minerial?? | Hardness, color, streak, luster, density, crystal shape, cleavage and fracture. |
| Color | easy observed, to identify minerals that alwasyhave their owm characteristic color(same mineral can come in diff. colors) |
| streak | the color of its powder( diff. than the outside color |
| what do you find the streak on?? | streak plate( unglazed tile) |
| mineral can come in diff. colors but the streak is always the...... | same |
| luster | describes how the mineral reflects light off its surface.( can be metalic or non matalic) |
| density | mass in a given space |
| the density...... | never changes |
| crystal shape | particles line up in a pattern and repeats over and over again(grows atom by atom) {page124 figure 8 in textbook} |
| cleavage | mineral that splits easy along smooth and flat surfaces (smooth edges) |
| fracture | mineral breaks apart unevenly(jagged edges) |
| fluorescence | minerals that glow under ultra violet light |
| reaction to acid= | "acid test" used to see if an acid reacts when put on a mineral *the acid frizzes if it is reacting* |
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puppydogx05
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