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Ch 15 quiz

QuestionAnswer
What are microorganisms? Tiny organisms , usually could live in or on your body
What are prokaryotes? They lack true nuclei, evolved 3.5 billion years ago, cause about half of all human diseases, found wherever life is
What are eukaryotes? composed of one or more cells that contain nuclei and many other membrane-bound organelles that aren’t in prokaryotes
What are the four stages of the origin of life? creation of small organic molecules like amino acids, combining small molecules into macromolecules , coming the macromolecules into pre-cells, and self-replication
What are ribozymes? RNAs that act as enzymes
What is transcription vs translation? DNA in cells is transcribed into RNA and then translated to produce specific enzymes and other proteins
What is microbiota? community of microorganisms that live in and on our bodies, help supply important vitamins , decompose dead material
What are the three common types of shapes of prokaryotes ? Spherical called cocci, rod-shaped called bacilli, and spiral and curved including spirochete
What are biofilms? Highly organized colonies of prokaryotes attaches to surfaces
What is binary fission ? How prokaryotes reproduce by dividing in half
What are endospores? thick-coated, protective cells produced within the prokaryotic cell that can survive trauma and extreme temperatures (harsh environments)
How can prokaryotes produce energy? Using ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, they don’t necessarily need oxygen to produce energy
What is symbiosis ? “Living together “ species live together and help each other out
What is nitrogen fixation? The process of converting nitrogen into a form that is usable for plants, prokaryotes can help doing this
What are the three domains ? Bacteria (prokaryote), Archea ( prokaryote), an Eukarya ( eukaryote)
Where do archea live ? In many habitats including those where few organisms can survive such as the digestive tract of animals and at the bottom of lakes
Created by: itzy
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