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Ch 10

QuestionAnswer
What does DNA do? It has the capacity to store genetic information, copy it, and pass it from generation to generation
What are nucleotides ? Long chains ( polymers) of chemical units ( monomers)
What is a polynucleotide? A nucleotide polymer
How are nucleotides joined together? covalent bonds
what does each nucleotide consist of? A nitrogenous base, a sugar, a phosphate
What shape is the DNA? a double helix
what bases pair together ? A pairs with T, and G pairs with C
Who discovered the DNA model? Watson and Crick, Rosalind Franklin helped
What is DNA polymerase ? an enzyme that helps repair DNA that is damaged
What is transcription? What transfers genetic information from DNA. to RNA
What is genetic code? converts a nucleotide in RNA to an amino acid
What is translation? transfers information from RNA into a polypeptide (protein strand).
what is promoter The start transcribing signal is a nucleotide sequence
what happens in the cells of prokaryotes ? ( mRNA) RNA is transcribed from a gene immediately functions as mRNA
where are the coding regions The coding regions are in the exon
RNA splicing is what Plays a significant role in humans allowing 21 k genes to produce poly peptides
What is tRNA the translation of the message in mRNA not the amino acid language of proteins
what is anticodon a special triplet of bases
what is ribosomal RNA one of the two subunits in the ribosome
Initiation has how many steps ? two steps , special initiate tRNA binds to the start codon and a large ribosomal subunit binds to the small one
elongation continues until when ? a stop code races the ribosomes A site
what is mutation ? Any change in the nucleotide sequence of a cell
what are mutagens ? physical and chemical agents that occur because of a mutation
Created by: itzy