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mo3 ch4 musculoskele
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| epiphyseal plate | growth plate |
| -physis | growth |
| oste/o | bone |
| crani/o | head/skull |
| cervic/o | neck |
| spondyl/o | vertebra |
| lumb/o | loin/lower back |
| brachi/o | arm |
| dactyl/o | finger |
| carp/o | wrist |
| cost/o | rib |
| femor/o | femur (thigh bone) |
| tibi/o | tibia (shin bone) |
| tars/o | ankle0 |
| chondr/o | cartlidge |
| arthr/o | joint |
| burs/o | bursa |
| ten/o, | tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone) |
| tend/o | tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone) |
| tendin/o | tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone) |
| myos/o | muscle |
| muscul/o | muscle |
| my/o | muscle |
| fasci/o | fascia (fibrous connective tissue binding muscles together) |
| ton/o | tone/ tension |
| kinesi/o | movement/motion |
| kinet/o | movement/motion |
| tax/o | arrangement, order, coordination |
| ankyl/o | stiff, bent |
| costalgia | rib pain |
| metatarsalgia | pain in foot bones |
| ostalgia | bone pain |
| osteodynia | bone pain |
| tibialgia | tibia (shin) pain |
| ankylosis | joint stiffness |
| arthrodynia | joint pain |
| cervicodynia | neck pain |
| crepitation | crackling sound heart in joints |
| genu valgum | knocked knee |
| genu varum | bow legged |
| bradykinesia | slow movement |
| dyskinesia | inability to control movement |
| dystaxia | poor coordination |
| dystonia | poor muscle tone |
| graphospasm | writers cramp |
| hyperkinesia | increase muscle movement or activity |
| hypertonia | increased muscle tone or tightness |
| hypokinesia | decrease in muscle movement or activity |
| hypotonia | decrease in muscle tone or tightness |
| myalgia | muscle pain |
| myasthenia | muscle weakness |
| myodynia | muscle pain |
| myospasm | muscle weakness |
| tenalgia | tendon pain |
| arthrocentesis | puncture of a joint |
| arthroscope | instrument for looking into a joint |
| arthroscopy | procedure of looking into a joint |
| electromyogram | a record of the electrical activity of a muscle |
| electromyography | procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle |
| myography | procedure for studying muscles |
| arthrogram | visual record of a joint |
| arthrography | procedure used to examine a joint |
| computed axial tomography (CAT or CT) | imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis |
| kyphosis | humped back; abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine |
| lordosis | sway back; abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine |
| scoliosis | crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
| carpitis | wrist inflammation |
| craniomalacia | softening of the skull |
| exostosis | an abnormal growth of bone out of another bone |
| fracture | a bone break |
| osteodystrophy | poor bone development |
| osteolysis | bone loss |
| osteonecrosis | death of bone |
| osteosclerosis | abnormal hardening of bone |
| polydactyly | having more than the normal number of fingers (or toes) |
| spondylitis | vertebra inflammation |
| spondylomalacia | softening of the vertebra |
| syndactyly | fusion (sometimes called webbing) of fingers (or toes) |
| tarsoptosis | flat feet |
| bursolith | a stone in a bursa |
| effusion | fluid buildup |
| hemarthrosis | blood in the joint |
| hydrarthrosis | water (fluid) in the joint |
| pyarthrosis | pus in the joint |
| atrophy | underdevelopment, decrease, or loss of muscle tissue |
| hypertrophy | Definition overdevelopment of muscle tissue |
| myocele | hernia of muscle tissue |
| myolysis | loss of muscle tissue |
| myomalacia | softening of a muscle |
| myosclerosis | hardening of muscle |
| myotasis | stretching of a muscle |
| myotonia | muscle tone |
| ankylosing spondylitis | a stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae |
| chondro-osteodystrophy | poor development of bones and cartilage |
| craniosynostosis | the premature fusing of the skull bones |
| dactylitis | finger inflammation |
| hypertrophic spondylitis | overdevelopment of the vertebrae causing inflammation |
| osteitis | bone inflammation |
| osteochondritis | inflammation of bone and cartilage |
| osteogenesis imperfecta | a disease in which the bones do not develop correctly, also known as brittle bone disease |
| osteomalacia | softening of the bone |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone and bone marro |
| osteopathy | bone disease |
| osteopenia | reduction in bone volume |
| osteoporosis | loss of bone density |
| spinal stenosis | abnormal narrowing of the spine |
| spondyloarthropathy | joint disease of the vertebrae |
| spondylolisthesis | slipping or dislocating of vertebra |
| spondylolysis | loss of vertebra structure |
| spondylosis | vertebra condition |
| rheumatoid arthritis | inflammation of the joints; it is called rheumatoid because its symptoms resemble those of rheumatic fever |
| septic arthritis | Definition inflammation of the joint caused by infection |
| osteoarthritis | inflammation of the joints, specifically those that bear weight |
| arthrocele | hernia of a joint |
| arthrodysplasia | abnormal joint development |
| arthropathy | joint disease |
| arthrosclerosis | hardening of the joints |
| bursitis | inflammation of the bursa |
| bursopathy | disease of the bursa |
| subluxation | partial dislocation of a joint |
| achondroplasia | a defect in the formation of cartilage |
| chondromalacia | abnormal softening of the cartilage |
| costochondritis | inflammation of the cartilage of the rib |
| fasciitis | inflammation of the fascia |
| muscular dystrophy | disorder characterized by poor muscle development |
| myoclonus | violent muscle contraction |
| myopathy | muscle disease |
| myasthenia | muscle weakness |
| myofasciitis | inflammation of muscle and fascia |
| myositis | muscle inflammation |
| necrotizing fasciitis | inflammation of the fascia, causing the death of tissue |
| polymyositis | inflammation of multiple muscles |
| tardive dyskinesia | condition characterized by the loss of muscle control |
| tendinitis | tendon inflammation |
| tendonitis | tendon inflammation |
| chondroma | a tumorlike growth of cartilage tissue |
| myoma | a muscle tumor |
| myosarcoma | a cancerous muscle tumor |
| osteocarcinoma | bone cancer tumor |
| osteochondroma | a tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also known as an exostosis made up of cartilage |
| osteosarcoma | cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells |
| analgesic | a drug that relieves pain |
| antiarthritic | a drug that opposes joint inflammation |
| anti-inflammatory | a drug that opposes inflammation |
| antipyretic | a drug that opposes fever |
| carpectomy | removal of all or part of the wrist |
| costectomy | removal of rib |
| craniectomy | removal of a portion of the skull |
| craniotomy | removal of a portion of the skull |
| external fixation | the fixation of a fractured bone from the outside (i.e., using casts, splints, stabilizers) |
| internal fixation | the fixation of a fractured bone from the inside (i.e., using screws, pins, plates) |
| closed reduction | returning bones to their proper position without the use of surgery |
| open reduction | returning bones to their proper position through the use of surgery |
| metacarpectomy | removal of a bone in the hand |
| orthotics | Definition a device that aids in the straightening or stabilizing of a part |
| ostectomy | removal of a bone |
| osteectomy | removal of a bone |
| osteoclasia | the surgical breaking of a bone (often done to remedy a deformity) |
| osteoplasty | reconstruction of a bone |
| osteotomy | incision into a bone |
| prosthesis | a device that is added to a body to replace a missing part or lost function |
| spondylosyndesis | fusing together of multiple vertebrae |
| sternotomy | incision into the sternum |
| tarsectomy | removal of all or a portion of the ankle |
| tarsoclasia | surgical fracture of the ankle (i.e., to treat clubfoot) |
| arthrectomy | removal of a joint |
| arthroclasia | the therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow for increased mobility |
| arthrodesis | surgical fixation of a joint |
| arthrolysis | loosening a stiff joint |
| arthroplasty | reconstruction of a joint |
| arthrotomy | incision into a joint |
| bursectomy | removal of a bursa |
| bursotomy | incision into a bursa |
| chondrectomy | removal of cartilage |
| chondroplasty | reconstruction of cartilage |
| fasciectomy | removal of fascia |
| fasciodesis | binding of fascia |
| fascioplasty | reconstruction of fascia |
| fasciorrhaphy | suturing of fascia |
| fasciotomy | incision into fascia |
| myectomy | removal of muscle |
| myodesis | binding of a muscle |
| myomectomy | removal of a muscle tumor |
| myoplasty | muscle reconstruction |
| myorrhaphy | muscle suture |
| myotomy | incision into muscle |
| tendectomy | removal of a tendon |
| tendoplasty | reconstruction of a tendon |
| tenodesis | binding of a tendon |
| tenolysis | removal of a tendon |
| tenoplasty | reconstruction of a tendon |
| tenorrhaphy | suture of a tendon |
| tenotomy | incision into a tendon |
| Hx | history |
| Fx | fracture |
| Tx | traction or treatment |
| ACL | anterior cruciate ligament |
| MCL | medial collateral ligament |
| LCL | lateral collateral ligament |
| PCL | posterior cruciate ligament |
| C1–C7 | cervical (of the neck) vertebrae |
| T1–T12 | thoracic (of the chest) vertebrae |
| L1–L5 | lumbar (of the loin) vertebrae |
| S1–S5 | sacral vertebrae |
| DTR | deep tendon reflexes (this is what doctors are testing when they tap the knee with a reflex hammer) |
| EMG | electromyogram |
| FROM | full range of motion |
| NSAID | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| ORIF | open reduction internal fixation |
| PT | physical therapy |
| RA | rest, ice, compression, elevation |
| ROM | range of motion |
| WB | weight bearing |
| WBAT | weight bearing as tolerated |
Created by:
Aharrissmith
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