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Renal Function
Renal Functions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What type of nephron is responsible for renal concentration? | Juxtaglomerular |
| What is the function of the peritubular capillaries? | Reabsorption of essential substances from the fluid in the proximal convoluted tubule |
| Blood flows through the nephron in what order? | Afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta |
| Filtration of protein is prevented in the glomerulus by what? | Capillary pores |
| Renin is secreted by the nephron in response to what? | Low systemic blood pressure |
| The primary chemical affected by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone is what? | Sodium |
| Secretion of renin is stimulated by what? | Juxtaglomerular cells |
| The hormone aldosterone is responsible for what? | Sodium retention |
| The fluid leaving the glomerulus has a specific gravity of what? | 1.010 |
| Which of the tubules is impermeable to water? | Ascending loop of Henle |
| The countercurrent mechanism takes place in the? | Juxtaglomerular nephrons |
| ADH regulates the final urine concentration by controlling? | Tubular permeability |
| When the body is dehydrated what happens with ADH and urine volume? | ADH is increased which increases the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct which increases water reabsorption causing low urine volume |
| When the body is hydrated what happens with ADH and urine volume? | ADH is decreased which decreases the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct which decreases water reabsorption causing high urine volume |
| If ammonia is not produced by the distal convoluted tubules the pH will basic or acidic? | Basic |
| The largest source of error in creatinine clearance test is what? | Improperly timed urine specimens |
| Values for creatinine clearance tests on children are corrected for what? | Body size |
| An advantage to using cystatin C to monitor GFR is what? | It doesn't require urine collection, its not secreted by the tubules, and it can be measured by immunoassay. |
| The normal serum osmolarity is what? | 275-300 mOsm |
| After controlled fluid intake, the urine-to-serum osmolarity ratio should be at least what? | 3:1 |
| To provide an accurate measure of renal blood flow, a test substance should be completely _____________________? | Cleared on each contact with functional renal tissue |
| Renal tubular acidosis can be caused by what? | Inability to produce an acidic urine due to impaired production of ammonia |
| What are the two major functions tubular secretion? | 1. Elimination of waste products not filtered by the glomerulus 2. Regulation of the acid-base balance in the body through the secretion of hydrogen ions |
Created by:
Microbin
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