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Renal Function

Renal Functions

QuestionAnswer
What type of nephron is responsible for renal concentration? Juxtaglomerular
What is the function of the peritubular capillaries? Reabsorption of essential substances from the fluid in the proximal convoluted tubule
Blood flows through the nephron in what order? Afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta
Filtration of protein is prevented in the glomerulus by what? Capillary pores
Renin is secreted by the nephron in response to what? Low systemic blood pressure
The primary chemical affected by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone is what? Sodium
Secretion of renin is stimulated by what? Juxtaglomerular cells
The hormone aldosterone is responsible for what? Sodium retention
The fluid leaving the glomerulus has a specific gravity of what? 1.010
Which of the tubules is impermeable to water? Ascending loop of Henle
The countercurrent mechanism takes place in the? Juxtaglomerular nephrons
ADH regulates the final urine concentration by controlling? Tubular permeability
When the body is dehydrated what happens with ADH and urine volume? ADH is increased which increases the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct which increases water reabsorption causing low urine volume
When the body is hydrated what happens with ADH and urine volume? ADH is decreased which decreases the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct which decreases water reabsorption causing high urine volume
If ammonia is not produced by the distal convoluted tubules the pH will basic or acidic? Basic
The largest source of error in creatinine clearance test is what? Improperly timed urine specimens
Values for creatinine clearance tests on children are corrected for what? Body size
An advantage to using cystatin C to monitor GFR is what? It doesn't require urine collection, its not secreted by the tubules, and it can be measured by immunoassay.
The normal serum osmolarity is what? 275-300 mOsm
After controlled fluid intake, the urine-to-serum osmolarity ratio should be at least what? 3:1
To provide an accurate measure of renal blood flow, a test substance should be completely _____________________? Cleared on each contact with functional renal tissue
Renal tubular acidosis can be caused by what? Inability to produce an acidic urine due to impaired production of ammonia
What are the two major functions tubular secretion? 1. Elimination of waste products not filtered by the glomerulus 2. Regulation of the acid-base balance in the body through the secretion of hydrogen ions
Created by: Microbin
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