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GENETICS

SLHS UNIT 4 GENETICS

QuestionAnswer
the father of genetics Gregor Mendel  
discovered the shape of DNA Watson & Crick  
a characteristic that is determined by genes   trait  
the passing of traits from parents to offspring heredity
part of the DNA that is used to make a protien   gene  
different versions of a gene allele  
an organism's inherited physical appearance   phenotype
an organism's inherited combination of genes  genotype  
the mathematical chance that an event will occur   probability  
differences amongst organisms   variation
a molecule that determines the traits a living thing inherits and needs to survive DNA
a copy of DNA used to make proteins RNA
an organelle that makes proteins ribosomes
the organelle that stores and protects DNA nucleus
coiled structure of DNA during cell division chromosome
a molecule used to build and repair cells and regulate chemical reactions in living things protein
cell division that results in cells with half the original number of chromosomes meiosis
a tool used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring of a mating pair punnett Square
the process of putting the genes from one organism into the DNA of another organism genetic engineering
an organism with two different alleles for a trait heterozygous
the scientific study of heredity genetics
graphic representation of genetic inheritance used by geneticists to map genetic traits pedigree
In humans, the 23rd pair of chromosomes; determine the sex of an individual and carry sex-linked characteristics sex chromosome  
traits controlled by genes located on sex chromosomes sex-linked trait  
chart of metaphase chromosome pairs arranged according to length and location of the centromere; used to pinpoint unusual chromosome numbers in cells karyotype  
genetically identical copies of an organism or gene clone
insertion of normal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders gene therapy  
an individual heterozygous for a specific trait carrier  
a trait that is always xpressed when present dominant trait
a trait that is only expressed if a dominant allele is not present. recessive trait
percent chance of having an albino child from a cross with 2 people who are both heterozygous for albinism. 25 percent
an organism that has two identical alleles for a trait homozygous
genotype of an organism that is homozygous dominant for the tongue rolling trait TT
genotype of an organism that is homozygous recessive for the tongue rolling trait tt
genotype of an organism that is heterozygous for the tongue rolling trait Tt
karyotype description for a male with Down's Syndrome 47XY + 21
karyotype description for a female with Trisomy 18 47XX + 18
shape on a pedigree that represents a male square
shape on a pedigree that represents a female circle
Chromosomal abnormality that occurs when one chromosome is attached to another and can not be removed translocation
chromosomal abnormality that occurs when a cell divides in meiosis and two of the same chromosome go into one sex cell non-disjunction
Created by: rrosset
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