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Unit 7 (1-3)
Properties of Matter (Lessons 1-3)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Physical change | a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance |
| Chemical change | occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties |
| Precipitate | the production of a solid from a reaction between two liquid or gaseous substances |
| Law of conservation of mass | in chemical and physical changes, mass can be changed, but it cannot be created or destroyed |
| Atom | the smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same element |
| Electron | a subatomic particle that has a negative charge |
| Nucleus | a small, dense center of an atom containing the protons and neutrons |
| Proton | a subatomic particle that has a positive charge |
| Neutron | a subatomic particle that has no charge |
| Electron cloud | a region around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are likely to be found |
| Atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Mass number | the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Periodic table | an arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic numbers such that elements with similar properties fall in the same group |
| Chemical symbol | an abbreviation for an element’s name |
| Isotope | atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and, therefore, different atomic masses |
| Average atomic mass | the average mass of the atoms of an element based on the different isotopes that exist in nature and how common each isotope is |
| Metal | elements that are generally shiny and conduct heat and electricity well |
| Malleable | able to be formed into different shapes |
| Ductile | able to be drawn out into wire |
| Nonmetal | elements that are generally dull and do not conduct heat or electricity well |
| Brittle | hard, but breaks or shatters easily |
| Metalloid | elements that have some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals |
| Group | vertical columns in the periodic table |
| Period | horizontal rows in the periodic table |
| Ion | an atom that has a net charge that is not zero because it has gained or lost electrons |
| Valence electrons | electrons found in the outermost portion of the electron cloud of an atom that are able to participate in chemical bonding |
Created by:
CSchveder74
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