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Unit 6 (4-7)
Earth's Biomes & Ecosystems (Lessons 4-7)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biome | a region of Earth where the climate determines the types of plants that live there, which then determines the types of animal that live there |
| Climate | the main abiotic factor that characterizes a biome; describes the long-term patterns of temperature and precipitation in a region |
| Adaptation | features that allow organisms to survive and reproduce |
| Ecosystem | a specific community of organisms and their physical environment |
| Tundra | regions with low average temperatures, very little precipitation, and a thick layer of permanently frozen soil beneath the surface |
| Permafrost | a thick layer of permanently frozen soil beneath the surface |
| Taiga | regions with low average temperatures, some precipitation, and thin, acidic, nutrient- poor soil |
| Coniferous trees | trees that have evergreen, needlelike leaves and produce cones |
| Desert | regions that receive less than 8 cm of precipitation per year and usually have rocky or sandy soil |
| Tropical grassland | region with high average temperatures that has grasses and few trees |
| Temperate grassland | regions with moderate precipitation, hot summers, and cold winters where grasses are the dominant plants |
| Temperate deciduous forest | region with moderate precipitation, hot summers, and cold winters, characterized by an abundance of trees that shed their leaves seasonally |
| Deciduous trees | broadleaf trees that drop their leaves as winter approaches |
| Temperate rain forest | regions with long, cool, wet seasons and relatively dry summers, containing many coniferous trees |
| Tropical rain forest | equatorial regions with abundant plant and animal life that are warm throughout the year and receive more rain than any other biome on Earth |
| Aquatic ecosystem | include any water environment and the community of organisms that live there |
| Salinity | a measure of the amount of salt in water |
| Wetland | an area of land that is saturated, or soaked, with water for at least part of the year |
| Estuary | a partially enclosed body of water formed where a river flows into an ocean |
| Intertidal zone | the land between the high and low tides that includes beaches and rocky shores |
| Neritic zone | the underwater zone from the shore to the edge of the continental shelf |
| Bathyal zone | extends from the edge of the continental shelf to its base |
| Abyssal zone | the part of the ocean below 4,000 meters |
| Bioluminescence | the production of glowing light by organisms for the purpose of attracting mates or prey |
| Immigration | movement of individuals into a population |
| Emigration | movement of individuals out of a population |
| Carrying capacity | the maximum number of individuals of one species that the environment can support |
| Limiting factor | a part of the environment that keeps a population’s size at a level below its full potential |
| Abiotic factor | nonliving part of an environment |
| Biotic factor | interaction between living things |
| Competition | two or more individuals or populations trying to use the same limited resource |
| Cooperation | individuals working together to the benefit of both |
| Eutrophication | process in which organic matter and nutrients slowly build up in a body of water |
| Succession | the slow development or replacement of an ecological community by another ecological community over time |
| Primary succession | the development of an ecological community in an area that has no soil |
| Pioneer species | the first organisms to colonize an uninhabited area that lacks soil |
| Secondary succession | the development of an ecological community in an area that already has soil |
| Climax species | species that dominate a well-developed, stable ecosystem |
| Biodiversity | the number and variety of species that are present in an area |
Created by:
CSchveder74
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