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Unit 6 (1-3)
Earth's Biomes & Ecosystems (Lessons 1-3)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Producers | organism that uses light or chemical energy to make food molecules, usually by photosynthesis |
| Consumers | organisms that must eat other living things for food |
| Decomposers | organisms that get energy and nutrients by breaking down the remains or wastes of other organisms |
| Photosynthesis | the process of converting carbon dioxide and water vapor into sugars and oxygen gas by using the energy from sunlight |
| Chloroplast | organelle where photosynthesis takes place; found only in the cells of photosynthetic organisms |
| Chlorophyll | green pigment responsible for capturing the sun’s energy during photosynthesis |
| Glucose | a type of sugar molecule produced during photosynthesis that is used to store chemical energy |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | a molecule used by organisms to store energy being released during the breaking down of the sugar molecules |
| Cellular Respiration | the process of breaking down sugar molecules to produce the energy-carrying molecule ATP |
| Mitochondria | organelle where cellular respiration takes place |
| Ecosystem | a community of living organisms and their nonliving environment |
| Habitat | the place where an organism lives within an ecosystem |
| Niche | the position or role a species has in an ecosystem |
| Herbivore | consumers that eat only plants |
| Carnivore | consumers that eat other animals |
| Omnivore | consumers that eat both plants and animals |
| Scavenger | specialized consumer that feeds on dead organisms |
| Food chain | the path of energy transfer from producers to consumers |
| Food web | shows the feeding relationships among many different organisms in an ecosystem |
| Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Energy | the ability to do work and enables organisms to use matter in life processes |
| Law of conservation of energy | states that energy can change forms but cannot be created or destroyed |
| Law of conservation of mass | states that mass can change forms but cannot be created or destroyed |
| Energy pyramid | a tool that can be used to trace the flow of energy through an ecosystem |
| Open system | a system in which matter can enter and leave |
| Water cycle | the movement of water between the oceans, atmosphere, land and living things |
| Evaporation | water changing from liquid to vapor as it absorbs energy from the sun |
| Transpiration | the release of water vapor from the leaves of plants |
| Respiration | the release of water vapor as waste during the process of breaking down sugar molecules |
| Condensation | the change of water vapor to liquid as it cools |
| Precipitation | water that falls from the atmosphere to the land and oceans |
| Runoff | precipitation that falls on land and flows into streams and rivers |
| Groundwater | precipitation that seeps into the ground and is stored underground; slowly flows back into the soil, streams, rivers, and oceans |
| Nitrogen cycle | movement of nitrogen between the environment and living things |
| Nitrogen fixation | the process in which soil bacteria change nitrogen gas into forms that plants can use |
| Carbon cycle | movement of carbon through organisms and between organisms and the physical environment |
| Combustion | the burning of material |
Created by:
CSchveder74
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