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Friendly Bio. Ch 25

Vocabulary Terminology for Chapter 25 in Friendly Biology

Question or TermAnswer or Definition
The Endocrine system is the body system which regulates the activities of many other body systems through the function of glands.
Two types of glands are: 1. Exocrine, which have ducts or tubes in which substances are exported 2. Endocrine, which deposit substances directly into the circulatory system.
Hormone levels are maintained by using a negative feedback mechanism whereby low levels trigger the endocrine gland to begin production of the hormone.
The pituitary gland is known as the "master" gland as it produces hormones which affect many organs in the body as well as other endocrine glands which in turn affect body organs.
The anterior pituitary gland produces thyroid stimulating hormones TSH, adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH, human growth hormone HGH, prolactin & the gonadotropic hormones.
TSH affects rate of metabolism which is how fast or slow cells utilize glucose.
ACTH signals the adrenal cortex to produce anti-inflammatory substances and water conservation hormones.
HGH regulates growth in the body.
Prolactin regulates development of mammary/breast tissue as well as milk production in women.
Gonadotropic hormones in women, stimulate the ovaries to produce ova and then maintain pregnancy.
Gonadotropic hormones in men, stimulate the testis to produce sperm cells & testosterone.
Vasopressin ADH is a hormone of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland which regulates water conservation by the kidneys & oxytocin which stimulates the uterus to contract during birth and milk let down while nursing.
Parathyroid gland controls calcium levels in the body.
Pineal glad regulates daily sleep and wakefulness patterns.
Thymus gland while only active in children, functions to produce killer T lymphocytes which function throughout life to defend against disease/invaders.
Created by: CDM2KK
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