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Friendly Bio. Ch 22
Vocabulary Terminology for Chapter 22 in Friendly Biology
| Question or Term | Answer or Definition |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System ‘s function | Is to deliver oxygen & glucose to every cell in the body |
| Capillaries | 1. Are the smallest blood vessels 2. Are only 1 cell layer thick 3. Have fenestrations or openings that allow certain substances to pass |
| Fenestrations | Are openings in capillaries that allow certain substances to pass and the size varies based on location where we need them tightly controlled versus the spleen where whole blood cells can freely move in and out. |
| Arterioles | Supply capillaries with arterial blood. |
| Arteries | Supply arterioles with arterial blood. |
| Aorta | Supply arteries with arterial blood and is the largest artery. |
| Four Chambers | Is how the heart is divided. |
| Atria | Are the two chambers that receive blood from outside the heart |
| Ventricles | Are the two chambers that pump blood out of the heart |
| Right Atrium | Receives blood low in oxygen &high in carbon dioxide from the body |
| When right atrium contracts | The blood passes through right AV valve into the right ventricles |
| When the right ventricle contracts | The blood leaves the heart moving to the lungs to get oxygen and offload carbon dioxide |
| Left Atrium | Receives blood from the lungs high in oxygen and low in carbon dioxide |
| When the left atrium contracts | The blood passes through the left AV valve into the left ventricle |
| When the left ventricle contracts | The blood passes through the aortic valve leaving the heart and moving to the body through the largest artery known as the aorta. |
| AV valves or Atrioventricular valves | Consist of flap like structures known as cusps of the valves. |
| Chordae Tendonae | Are tough string like structures that prevent the valves from prolapsing into the atria. |
| Murmurs | Are abnormal sounds of the heart when valves do not close properly and allow some blood to leak in an unintended direction or the valve is too tight otherwise called stenosis. |
| Trachea | Is where air we breathe moves from mouth & nose down to the lungs. |
| Bronchi | Are the smaller branches that form off the trachea. |
| Bronchioles | Are the smaller branches that form off the bronchi. |
| Alveoli | Are the small grape like clusters of air sacs found at the end of each bronchioles |
| Capillaries | Wrap around the alveoli to pick up oxygen & drop off carbon dioxide |
| Venules | Are the smallest veins and receive blood returning from the body cells that is low in oxygen & high in carbon dioxide. |
| Veins | Are larger than the venules and take blood back to the heart and have thin walls and small valves, unlike arteries. |
| Plasma or serum | Is the watery portion of blood. |
| Erythrocytes | Are red blood cells |
| Leukocytes | Are the white blood cells |
| Red blood cells | Are produced in bone marrow & their primary function is to carry oxygen through a special protein known as hemoglobin |
| Anemia | Is a condition of low red blood cells |
| White blood cells | Function as our body’s defense system against invading organisms. |
| Lymphocytes | Are white blood cells which create antibodies or immunoglobulins which work as a weapon for a later attack of invaders |
| Eosinophils, basophils, & mast cells | Work to mediate inflammation in the body |
| Carbon monoxide | Causes problems in our body because it replaces oxygen being carried by hemoglobin within red blood cells. |
Created by:
CDM2KK
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