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SLE395
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name in order the major fossil periods in order of earliest to oldest (Hint: starting from Proterozoic) | Proterozoic, Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Tertiary, Quaternary |
| What were the major developments of the PROTEROZOIC ? | -Stromatolites appear (2.5by ago) - Oldest multicellular algae - Oldest soft bodied animals - Stromatolites become rare |
| What were the major developments of the CAMBRIAN | - Tommotian faunas ('shelly animals') (prior the cambrian explosion) - Trilobites - Finished by mass extinction of trilobite and radiation of nautiloids |
| What is Burgess Shale, what period was it dated to and what's its significance? | Preservation of soft-bodied animals, first insight into more complex structures and suggests great biodiversity following the Cambrian explosion. |
| When did predation evolve? | Cambrian |
| What are the major developments of the ORDOVICIAN period? | - Further radiation of marine animals (inc. gastropods, ostracods, molluscs etc.) |
| What are graptolites? Name major morphological features. | Extinct group of planktonic, colonial animals. Preserved in black shale. - Theca ('cups) - Stipe ('stem') |
| What are rugose corals and bryozoans? | Rugose: exclusively paleozoic group of solitary colonial corals Bryozoan: colonial, marine and are found in zooids of the colony which secrete tubes of calcite. THESE ARE EARLY CORAL REEF FORMING CREATURES. |
| What are the major developments of the SILURIAN? | - Early land plants |
| What are the major developments of the DEVONIAN? | - First ammonoids - Radiation of jawed fishes - First amphibians - First large trees & beginnings of forest |
| What are the major developments of the CARBONIFEROUS? | - Coal swamps - Beginnings of gymnosperms |
| What are the major developments of the PERMIAN? | - Radiation of gymnosperms - Vertebrates - Hot, dry climate towards end |
| What are the major developments of the TRIASSIC? | - Mammals evolve - Dinosaurs start appearing |
| What are the major developments of the JURASSIC? | - Birds evolve from dinosaurs |
| What are the major developments of the CRETACEOUS? | - Marine plankton radiate - Angiosperms (flowering plants) evolve - Mass extinction due to impact winter |
| What are the major developments of the TERTIARY? | - Land mammals radiate - Grasslands become common - Marine mammals start evolving towards the Quaternary |
| What are the major developments of the QUATERNARY ? | - Marine mammals are established - Homonoids (us and our 'cousins) evolve |
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