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Sem 2 Final-7Sci

7Sci Spring final

QuestionAnswer
Name the 3 types of rocks igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary
Describe igneous rock forms when magma cools and hardens
Describe metamorphic rock forms when existing rock is altered
Describe sedimentary rock forms when sediment deposits are compressed, cemented together, and harden
Intrusive igneous rock rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath Earth's surface
Extrusive igneous rock rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of lava at Earth's surface
Chemical sedimentary rock sedimentary rock that forms when minerals precipitate from a solution or settle from a suspension
Organic sedimentary rock sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of plants or animals
Clastic sedimentary rock sedimentary rock that forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented together
Contact metamorphism a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to contact with magma
Regional metamorphism a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to changes in temperature and pressure over a large area, generally as a result of tectonic forces
Uniformitarianism a principle that geologic processes
Law of superposition the principle that a sedimentary rock layer is older than the layers above it and younger than the layers below it if the layers are not disturbed
Mummification found in very dry places most bacteria, which cause decay, cannot survive in these places
Amber hardened tree sap insects become trapped in the sticky sap and are preserved when the sap hardens
Tar seeps typically covered by water animals drink the water and become trapped in the sticky tar
Freezing low temperatures of frozen soil and ice can protect and preserve organisms does not decay
Petrification minerals that precipitate from groundwater solutions replace original organic materials that have been buried under layers of sediment
Relative age the age of an object in relation to the ages of other objects
Absolute age the numeric age of an object or event, often stated in years before the present, as established by an absolute-dating process, such as radiometric dating
Define air mass a large body of air throughout which temperature and moisture content are similar
Types of air masses continental=dry maritime=moist tropical=warm polar=cold
Cold front the front edge of a moving mass of cold air that pushes beneath a warmer air mass like a wedge
Warm front the front edge of an advancing warm air mass that replaces colder air with warmer air
Stationary front a front of air masses that moves either very slowly or not at all
Occluded front a front that forms when a cold air mass overtakes a warm air mass and lifts the warm air mass off the ground and over another air mass
Midlatitude cyclone an area of low pressure that is characterized by rotating wind that moves toward the rising air of the central low-pressure region
Anticyclone air sinks and flows outward from the center of high pressure
Stages of a thunderstorm Stage 1=cumulus stage Stage 2=mature stage Stage 3=dissipating stage
How are hurricanes categorized? Saffir-Simpson Scale Category 1=least damage Category 5=catastrophic damage
Tornadoes smallest, most violent, and shortest-lived severe storm forms when a thunderstorm meets high-altitude, horizontal winds
Thermometer measures and indicates temperature
Barometer measures atmospheric pressure
Anemometer measures wind speed
Wind vane used to determine the direction of the wind
Created by: MorgannGregory
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