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Sem 2 Final-7Sci
7Sci Spring final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 3 types of rocks | igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary |
| Describe igneous rock | forms when magma cools and hardens |
| Describe metamorphic rock | forms when existing rock is altered |
| Describe sedimentary rock | forms when sediment deposits are compressed, cemented together, and harden |
| Intrusive igneous rock | rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath Earth's surface |
| Extrusive igneous rock | rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of lava at Earth's surface |
| Chemical sedimentary rock | sedimentary rock that forms when minerals precipitate from a solution or settle from a suspension |
| Organic sedimentary rock | sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of plants or animals |
| Clastic sedimentary rock | sedimentary rock that forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented together |
| Contact metamorphism | a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to contact with magma |
| Regional metamorphism | a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to changes in temperature and pressure over a large area, generally as a result of tectonic forces |
| Uniformitarianism | a principle that geologic processes |
| Law of superposition | the principle that a sedimentary rock layer is older than the layers above it and younger than the layers below it if the layers are not disturbed |
| Mummification | found in very dry places most bacteria, which cause decay, cannot survive in these places |
| Amber | hardened tree sap insects become trapped in the sticky sap and are preserved when the sap hardens |
| Tar seeps | typically covered by water animals drink the water and become trapped in the sticky tar |
| Freezing | low temperatures of frozen soil and ice can protect and preserve organisms does not decay |
| Petrification | minerals that precipitate from groundwater solutions replace original organic materials that have been buried under layers of sediment |
| Relative age | the age of an object in relation to the ages of other objects |
| Absolute age | the numeric age of an object or event, often stated in years before the present, as established by an absolute-dating process, such as radiometric dating |
| Define air mass | a large body of air throughout which temperature and moisture content are similar |
| Types of air masses | continental=dry maritime=moist tropical=warm polar=cold |
| Cold front | the front edge of a moving mass of cold air that pushes beneath a warmer air mass like a wedge |
| Warm front | the front edge of an advancing warm air mass that replaces colder air with warmer air |
| Stationary front | a front of air masses that moves either very slowly or not at all |
| Occluded front | a front that forms when a cold air mass overtakes a warm air mass and lifts the warm air mass off the ground and over another air mass |
| Midlatitude cyclone | an area of low pressure that is characterized by rotating wind that moves toward the rising air of the central low-pressure region |
| Anticyclone | air sinks and flows outward from the center of high pressure |
| Stages of a thunderstorm | Stage 1=cumulus stage Stage 2=mature stage Stage 3=dissipating stage |
| How are hurricanes categorized? | Saffir-Simpson Scale Category 1=least damage Category 5=catastrophic damage |
| Tornadoes | smallest, most violent, and shortest-lived severe storm forms when a thunderstorm meets high-altitude, horizontal winds |
| Thermometer | measures and indicates temperature |
| Barometer | measures atmospheric pressure |
| Anemometer | measures wind speed |
| Wind vane | used to determine the direction of the wind |
Created by:
MorgannGregory
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