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Weather and Climate
We have had 4 classes and i got the study guide today and the test is tomorrow
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Weather | The state of the atmosphere at a certain place and time |
| Climate | The weather conditions in an area in general, over a long period of time |
| prevailing | An adjective that describes something that has the most dominating effect (Examples of using the term: “Prevailing weather condition determine climate.”; “Some of the prevailing winds on Earth include the ‘Easterlies’ and the ‘Westerlies’.”) |
| System | A set of things working together in an “interconnected”, orderly fashion |
| Biosphere | all of life on Earth |
| Hydrosphere | All of the water on the earth's surface |
| Geosphere (or lithosphere) | The solid outer part of a planet which contains rocks and minerals. |
| Atmosphere | The gasses surrounding the planet. |
| Temperature | A measure of the average speed of molecules |
| Sun intensity | How intensely the sun is shining on a region is determined by both the latitude of the region (which affects the angle of the sun in the sky) and the amount of cloud cover. |
| Air Pressure/ Atmospheric Pressure | The pressure exerted by the weight of the atmosphere |
| Humidity | A measure of the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere |
| Wind | Moving air |
| Wind Direction | The direction FROM WHICH wind is blowing |
| Wind Speed | The amount of distance an air molecule could cover in a certain amount of time. |
| Coriolis Effect | an effect whereby a mass moving in a rotating system experiences a force. |
| Jet Streams | Narrow bands (“rivers”) of very strong, fast winds high in the atmosphere. |
| Ocean Currents | The steady flow of a mass of surface ocean water, with a specific temperature and density, in a certain direction. |
| Altitude | The vertical distance between an object and the local surface of the Earth. |
| Elevation | The vertical distance between the local surface of the Earth and the sea level. |
| Latitude lines | Imaginary lines that run horizontally around the globe to show north to south in any given location on Earth. |
| Longitude lines | Imaginary lines that run vertically around the globe to show east to west location of any given location on Earth. |
| Air mass | A large region of air that has a specific temperature and a specific humidity |
| Front | The boundary between two air masses |
| Warm Front | When a warm air mass overtakes an air mass of a cooler temperature |
| Stationary Front | When 2 fronts push each other but neither moves away |
| Occluded Front | cold front overtakes a warm front and the cold front is heavier it pushes the warm front above it. Then as the warm front slides over the top of the cold front as clouds and rain form along the border until the warm and cold air mix and equals out. |
| Cold Front | When a cold air mass takes over a warm air mass. |
| Hypothesis | A proposed explanation for a phenomenon or set of phenomena that can make predictions. |
| Equilibrium | A state of being “balanced”, stable, or at rest-- the balance between opposing forces. |
| -meter (suffix) | An object that measures |
| Hygrometer | A device that measures humidity. |
| Anemometer | A device used for measuring wind speed. |
| Barometer | An instrument measuring atmospheric pressure, usually used for forecasting the weather and determining altitude |
| Rain gauge | A device for collecting and measuring the amount of rain that falls. |
| Wind vane | A device that measures the direction of the wind. |
| Thermometer | A device that measures the temperature of the area around it. |
| Cloud | a visible mass of condensed water vapor floating in the atmosphere. |
| Cirrus clouds | A type of cloud that is made of tiny ice crystals and that looks like a curl of hair. |
| Cumulus clouds | A type of cloud that looks like fluffy cotton balls. |
| Stratus clouds | A type of cloud that looks like a sheet or layer it is low to mid height, looks white or grayish, without definition. |
| Nimbus clouds | Clouds that consist of water vapor (storm clouds) |
| Water cycle | The circulation of water between the earth’s oceans, atmosphere, and land. |
| Precipitation | When water falls (rain/snow) from the clouds. |
| Evaporation | The process of turning from a liquid into vapor |
| Condensation | Water which collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air is in contact with it. |
Created by:
jelly and jam
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