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TruittScience5
5th grade science vocab review
Term | Definition |
---|---|
classification key | important tool used to help identify objects and organisms |
hypothesis | educated guess/prediction about what will happen based on what you already know |
hypothesis | expressed in a if...then statement |
independent variable | variable that is changed by the experimenter |
dependent variable | variable that is measured by the experimenter |
constant | things that stay the same in an experiment |
inference | conclusion made from background knowledge and available data |
observation | statement made from using your senses |
sound | form of energy produced and transmitted by vibrating matter |
frequency | number of wavelengths per second |
wavelength | distance between two compressions |
pitch | determined by the frequency of a vibrating object |
high frequency | high pitch |
low frequency | low pitch |
amplitude | amount of energy in a sound wave; related to volume |
crest | top of a wave |
trough | bottom of a wave |
light | waves of energy |
visible spectrum | colors we see with our eyes; rainbow; ROY G BV |
reflection | when light bounces back |
refraction | when light is bent |
absorption | when light is taken in |
matter | anything that has mass and takes up space (volume) |
mass | amount of matter (stuff) in an object |
gas | no definite shape or volume; compressible; flows easily |
liquid | definite volume; assumes the shape of its container; not easily compressible; flows easily |
solid | definite shape AND volume; not easily compressible; does not flow easily |
mixture | combination of 2 or more substances that can easily be separated |
solution | special type of mixture in which one substance dissolves in another |
element | examples are hydrogen, oxygen, helium, carbon, potassium, sodium |
compound | when 2 or more elements combine to form a new substance; examples are water and table salt |
atom | smallest part of an element |
molecule | smallest part of a compound |
cells | carry out life processes |
plant cell structures | cell wall, chloroplasts, cell membrane, cytoplasm, vacuole, nucleus |
animal cell structures | cell membrane, cytoplasm, vacuole, nucleus |
plant cell | rigid/stiff, boxy shape |
animal cell | flexible, round shape |
cell wall | keeps plant cell rigid and stiff |
chloroplasts | makes food for plant cell |
cell membrane | allows things to go in and out of cell |
nucleus | controls all activities of the cell |
cytoplasm | jelly-like substance that holds everything in place |
vacuoule | stores food and water; plant cells have one large one; animal cells have several small ones |
vascular plant | special tissues to transport food and water; root system; grow tall |
vascular plant examples | trees, flower, grass, bushes, fern |
nonvascular plant | does not have special tissues to transport nutrients; grow in damp, shady areas, spores, short |
nonvascular examples | moss, lichen, liverwort , hornwort |
vertebrates | animals with backbones; fish, amphibians, reptiles, bird, mammals |
invertebrates | animals without backbones; insects, worms, crabs, spiders |
3 ocean movements | waves, tides, currents |
ocean current | caused by wind patterns, temperature, and salinity |
waves | caused by wind |
tides | caused by the gravitational pull of the moon |
salinity | amount of salt in the water |
bioluminescent | animals that produce their own light |
sedimentary rocks | layers of sediment cemented together |
igneous rocks | melted and cooled |
metamorphic rocks | changed by heat and pressure |
crust | outermost layer of the Earth; thin; layer we walk on; made of rock |
mantle | thickest layer of the Earth; made of rock |
outer core | made of liquid iron and nickel (metals) |
inner core | made of solid iron and nickel (metals) |
convergent boundaries | when tectonic plates come together; volcanoes |
divergent boundaries | when tectonic plates move apart; mid ocean ridges |
transform boundaries | when tectonic plates slide past each other; earthquake |
faults | boundaries of tectonic plates |
weathering | breaking down of sediments |
erosion | moving of sediments by water and/or wind |
deposition | dropping of sediment in a new location |