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DB Ch1 Biology
Vocabulary for Ch 1 in Miller and Levine Biology Text
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Science | organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world; also, the body of knowledge that scientists have built up after years of using this process |
| Observation | use of one or more of the senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell and sometimes taste) to gather information |
| Data | evidence; information gathered from observations |
| Inference | logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience |
| Hypothesis | possible explanation for a set of observations or possible answer to a scientific question |
| Spontaneous Generation | hypothesis (disproven) stating life could arise from nonliving matter |
| Controlled experiment | a test of the effect of a single variable by changing it while keeping other variables the same |
| Manipulated variable | factor in an experiment that a scientist purposely changes; also known as independent variable |
| Responding variable | factor in an experiment that a scientist wants to observe, which may change in response to the manipulated variable; also known as a dependent variable |
| Theory | well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations |
| Biology | science that seeks to understand the living world |
| Cell | collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings; basic unit of all forms of life |
| Homeostasis | process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment |
| Sexual reproduction | process by which cells from two different parents unite to produce the first cell of a new organism |
| Asexual reproduction | process by which a single parent reproduces by itself |
| Metabolism | set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes |
| Stimulus | a signal to which an organism responds |
| Metric system | a decimal system of measurements whose units are based on certain physical standards and are scaled on multiples of 10 |
| Microscope | devices that produce magnified images of structures that are too small to see |
| Compound light microscopes | allow light to pass through the specimen and use two lenses to form an image |
| Electron microscopes | use beams of electrons, rather than light, to produce images |
| Cell culture | develops from the single original cell |
| Cell fractionation | technique in which cells are broken into pieces and the different cell parts are separated |
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ayemme
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