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Microbiologists

history of micro

QuestionAnswer
Lucretius Disease caused by invisible living creatures
Aristotle spontaneous generation; organisms arise de novo from nonliving sources
Galen imbalance between four humors (blood, yellow bile, black bile, phlegm) caused disease
Girolamo fracastaro invisible organisms "germs" caused syphilis
Leeuwenhoek Father of microbiology drew and described bacteria and protozoa
Robert hooke micrographia drawing
Lazzaro Spallazani Air may carry germs ; described binary fission
Anton Lavoisier air contains oxygen
Louis Pasteur final refute; worked with anthrax
Ignaz Semmelweis hand washing prevents puerperal fever; used chlorine as antiseptic
Joseph Lister sterilization of instruments with heat; phenol as antiseptic
Robert Koch spore like bodies in Bacillus anthracis developed postulates and methods for growing pure cultures
Hesse sisters used agar to solidify media
Richard petri developed container to hold media
John Tyndall dust carries microbes; heat resistant life forms exist
Ferdinand Cohn heat resistant bacteria "endospores"
Hans Christian Gram developed staining method for bacteria
Sergei Winogradsky lithotrophy
Martinius Beijerinck enrichment cultures; nitrogen fixation
Koning role of fungi in decomp
McCrady fecal coliform test for water quality analysis
Ruth Patrick diatoms ---found that diatoms reflect levels of enviornmental stress within aqautic enviornment
Ronald Atlas modern methods of micro ecology DEEP WATER HORIZON SPILL
Rita Colwell Vibrios; marine micro; "Viable but nonculturable bacteria"
Lynn Marguelis parasitic bacteria gave rise to mitochodria and chloroplast in eukaryotes
Thomas Brock discovered archaeons
Norm Pace sequences thermophiles
Carl Woese desrcribed archaeons; used 16S rRNA -"domains"
J. Craig Venter first to sequence bacterial genomes (H. influenzae)
Claire frasier bacterial genomes with Venter
Karen Nelson Lateral gene transfer from archaeons to bacteria; sequences Thermotogo maritima
Hamilton smith Restricted enzymes & found type 2 endonucleuses
Zhang CRISPR
F. Griffith described transformation
Sforza & Hayes Hfr
ian wilmut cloned dolly
Fred sanger gene sequencing method
Allwine northern blot
Created by: bnava2
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