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Physics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What range of frequencies can be detected by the human ear? | 20Hz to 20KHz |
| What is special about a series circuit? | Current is the same on each component, voltage adds up and resistance adds up |
| What is special about a parralell circuit? | Current adds up voltage is the same and resistance is less than the lowest resistor |
| What is alpha radiation? | 2 protons and neutrons. High ionising power, but can't penetrate very far |
| What is beta radiation? | An electron is emitted by a nucleus wih too many neutrons compared to protons so one of the neutrons turn into a beta particle and a proton |
| What is Gamma radiation? | Emitted after an alpha or beta and doesnt change the mass |
| Alpha decay | Atomic number minus 2 Mass number minus 4 |
| Beta decay | Atomic number plus 1 Mass number stays the same |
| What are P waves | Longitudinal earthquake waves that go through solids and liquid |
| What are S waves? | Transverse waves that can only go through solids |
| How does a nuclear weapon work? | Uncontrolled fission reaction |
| What do the control rods do ? | Slow neutrons down to control the reaction |
| What is fusion? | The opposite of fission, two small nuclei joining. In stars Hydrogen become Helium in fusion. |
| What radiation is used for tracers and why? | Gamma and beta, alpha couldnt penetrate the body. |
| When is gamma radiation used in medicine? | To kill cancer cells |
| What are the 3 main sources of background radiation? | Radiactivity in naturally occuring isotopes. Radioactive waste. Radiation from space |
| What is ultrasound? | Sound with Frequencies higher than 20 000Hz. They get partially reflected at boundaries.So some is refracted, and some is absorbed. The time it takes for a reflected wave to come back is measured and a picture can be made. |
| Give 3 uses of Ultrasound | To look at a foetus in the womb. To check for flaws in objects. Used by boats to see what is underwater. |
| What is a solenoid? | It is coil of wire, with a current running through it, that behaves like a bar magnet. A solenoid with an iron core is called an electromagnet |
| In Flemings left hand rule, what do the fingers and thumb stand for? | Thumb=Motion First finger=Magnetic field Second finger=Current |
| What is a split ring commutator ? | A clever way of swapping the electrical contacts in a motor every half turn so it keeps spinning in the same direction. |
| Give 2 differences between an alternator and a dynamo | Alternators-a.c. current and use slip rings and brushes. Dynamos- d.c. current and use a split ring commutator. |
| What does an oscilloscope do? | It shows the generated p.d. over time |
| What type of current do transformers use? | Alternating current. |
| What is refraction? | Waves changing direction at a Boundary. The wave only changes direction if it hits the boundary at an angle. |
| Which direction does a light ray travel if it hits a denser medium, and vice versa? | If it is denser, then the wave slows down, and bends towards the normal, if it is less dense, it speeds up and bends away from the normal. |
| What are the two types of reflection ? | Specular Diffuse |
| What is Newtons First law? | If the resultant force is 0, then the object will remain stationary or at a constant speed. |
| What is Newtons Second Law? | F=ma |
| What is Newtons Third Law? | When two objects interact, they exert an equal and opposite force on each other. |
Created by:
Paul Glynn
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