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Genetics

vocabulary

TermDefinition
Genetics genetics is the study of hereditary patterns and variation of an organisms.
Heredity; hereditary is a biological process where a parent passes certain genes onto their children or offspring.
Alleles; alternative form of a gene.
Trait; trait is a feature of an organism
Dominant allele that is expressed when two different alleles are present in an organisms genotype.
Recessive; allele that is not expressed unless two copies are present in a organism´s genotype.
Genotype collection of all of an organisms genetic information that codes for traits.(genetic make up)
Phenotype physical appereance of an organism.
Homozygous; characteristics of having two of the same alleles at the same locus of sister chromatids.
Heterozygous characteristics of having two different alleles that appear at the same locus of sister chromatids.
Punnett square ; model for predicting all possible genotypes resulting from a cross or mating.
Mutation change in the DNA sequence.
Autosome(s); chromosome that contains genes for characteristics not directly related to the sex of an organism.
Sex chromosome; chromosome that directly controls the development of sexual characteristics.
Sex-linked gene; gene gene that is located on a sex chromosome.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA); molecule that stores genetic information in all organisms.
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA); nucleic acid molecule that allows for the transmission of genetic information and protein synthesis.
Replication; process by which DNA is copied.
Nitrogenous bases ; nitrogen -containing molecule that has the same chemical properties as a base ( they make up the building blocks of DNA and RNA).
Nucleotide; monomer that forms DNA and has a phosphate group, a sugar and a nitrogen- containing base.
Created by: 1008562
 

 



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