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Head and neck
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Division of the skull that consists of the flat bones and the base | neurocranium |
| Division of the skull which consists of bones of the face that developed from the pharyngeal arch | Cranium visceral cranium |
| eight bones of the neurocranium | Frontal occipital ethmoid sphenoid paired parietal temporal |
| 14 bones of the visceral cranium | Vomer lacrimal nasal paletton inferior turbinate maxillary zygomatic |
| The obstetric inch in the suture of a baby | Junction of the squamous and lateral parts of the occipital bone vein of galen which is rupture during childbirth |
| This is the largest fontanelle where we can obtain blood samples from the underlying superior sagittal sinus | anterior fontanelle |
| The anterior fontanelle and mustard fontanelle close at what age | Two years of age |
| The posterior and ste noid fontanelle close at what age | 6 months |
| What structure is contained in the cerebriform plate | Cranial nerve 1 |
| Structure transmitted in the cecum | emissary vein |
| Structure transmitted and anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina | Tennis ethmoidal nerve and arteries |
| optic canal contains the following | Cranial nerve 2 ophthalmic artery central artery vein of retina |
| The superior orbital fissure contains the following | cranial nerve three cn4 cn v1 cn6 vein |
| The foramen rotundum and the foramen ovale has these structures respectively | Cn v2 cn v3 lesser petrosal nerve accessory meningie artery |
| the foramen lacerum contains what | nothing |
| Foramen spinosum contains the following | middle meningeal artery epidural hemorrhage will result from a fracture in this area |
| the carotid canal contains | Internal carotid artery and sympathetic parotid plexus |
| The hiatus of the facial canal contains | greater petrosal nerve |
| The internal acoustic meatus contain | |
| Cranial nerve 7 and 8 labyrinth artery | |
| jugular foramen contains | Cn 9 10 11 |
| Fracture of the mastoid process will result to what | Otorrhea |
| A mass in the jugular foramen will result in what symptoms | dysarthria uvula paralysis inability to shrug shoulders |
| Portion of the temporal bone absent at birth which leaves the facial nerve and protected as it emerges from the stylomastoid foramen | the mastoid process formed by two years of age |
| medulla of the brain stem cranial nerve 9 vertebral art beans arteries | |
| condyloid foramen contains | emissary vein |
| mastoid foramen contains | Branch of the occipital artery to the dora and emissary vein |
| Is a site of growth up to about 20 years of age | Sphenooccipital joint |
| Afficher located in the temporal bone which may provide a route for the spread of infection from the middle ear to the meninges up until 20 years of age | Pterosquamous fissure |
| A young boy presenting with premature craniosyntosis midface hypoplasia shallow orbits ocular proptosis mandibular prognathism normal extremities progressive hydrocephalus and no mental retardation | Crouzon syndrome, fgfr2 |
| Muscles attached to the galea aponeurotica | Muscle occipito frontalis muscle temporoparietal muscle superior auricular muscle |
| What layer of the scalp contains the emissary veins through which infects and can spread easily to the scalp to the intracranial sinuses | emissary veins |
| Dural infoldings that extends between cerebral hemispheres and contain inferior sagittal sinus and the superior sagittal sinus | Falx cerebri |
| dural infoldings which extends between the cerebellar hemisphere | Falx cerebelli |
| This dural infoldings supports the occipital lobe of the cerebral hemisphere and covers the cerebellum it encloses the transverse sinus and superior petrosal sinus | tentorium cerebelli |
| This dual in folding forms the roof of the sella turcica covering the hypothesis | Diaphragma sellae |
| What is the arterial and venous drainage of the dora dura | 3 and vein middle meningeal vein and artery |
| Innervation of most of the meninges dura and the ones in the posterior cranial fossa respectively | Cranial nerve 5 spinal nerves c-123 and cranial nerve 10 |
| Skull fractures in the area of the terry on may sever what artery and cause what type of hemorrhage | Middle meningeal artery epidural hemorrhage |
| Occlusion of these are three will cause monocular blindness | ophthalmic artery |
| Occlusion of this artery will cause contralateral paralysis and contralateral anesthesia of the leg | cerebral artery |
| Occlusion of this artery will cause contralateral hemiplegia contralateral hemianopsia homonymous hemianopia and aphasia | Middle cerebral artery |
| These arteries supply the basal ganglia and the internal capsule occlusion results in a classic paralytic stroke contralateral hemiplegia anesthesia | lenticulostriate arteries |
| Most common site of an aneurysm when ruptured will result in subarachnoid hemorrhage and bitemporal lower quadrantanopia | anterior communicating artery |
| Second most common site of an aneurysm which when ruptured will cause subarachnoid hemorrhage and possibly cranial nerve 3 paralysis | Posterior communicating artery |
| What forms the posterior circulation of the circle of willis | Artery that passes through the foramina of c1 to c6 vertebra |
| The union of the right and left vertebral artery and its main branch | basilar artery, posterior cerebral artery |
| Occlusion of this artery results in contralateral sensory loss of all modalities with concomitant severe pain and contralateral hemianopia with macular sparing | posterior cerebral artery |
| The facial vein makes connections do the cavernous sinus by what | The superior and inferior of talmud vein and the pterygoid plexus of veins |
| What sinus does the arachnoid granulations drain into | superior sagittal sinus |
| This sinus drains blood from the deep areas of the brain | Straight sinus formed by the union of the inferior sagittal sinus and the great vein of galen |
| Dizziness test are located on either located on either side the sphenoid bone and receive venous blood from the facial vein superior and inferior ophthalmic vein pterygoid plexus of veins the central vein of the retina | Cavernous sinus |
| Sinuses that are anatomically related to the internal carotid artery and cranial nerve 3 to 5 | cavernous sinus |
| Hemorrhage caused by a skull fracture military on or the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and associated with the middle cranial fossa | epidural hemorrhage middle meningeal artery |
| Ct scan shows biconvex hyperdensity there are lucid intervals followed by death causes transtentorial herniation that compresses cranial nerve 3 causing dilated pupils contralateral hemiparesis | epidural hemorrhage |
| Caused by violent shaking of the head commonly occurs in alcoholics and elderly | Subdural hemorrhage |
| Ct scan shows thin crescent-shaped hyperdensity that hugs the contours of the brain | subdural hemorrhage bridging veins or the superior cerebral vein |
| Caused by a condition or laceration injury to the brain or a berry aneurysm | subarachnoid hemorrhage |
| Hyperdensity in the sister's fissures and sulci of the brain thickening of the falx cerebri arterial blood in the subarachnoid space worst headache of my life stiff neck vomiting blood in lumbar puncture | Anterior or posterior communicating artery |
| Clinical feature in the city scan is hyperdensity within the substance of the brain | Intraparenchymal hemorrhage caused by hemorrhage or trauma in the intraparenchymal cerebral arteries |
| Caused by a depressed cranial fracture or during childbirth involves emissary veins or branches of the superficial temporal and occipital artery | extracranial hemorrhage |
| Blood located between the galea aponeurotica and the skull black and no blood in the csf | extracranial hemorrhage |
| 75 year old acute left sided weakness medical history of hypertension and afib blood pressure 170/80 normal rr hr rythm, eyes deviated to right absent visual field on the left flaccid muscle tone left upper, lower extremities | mca stroke |
| The answer cervicalis innervates the infrahyoid muscles except | tyro hyoid |
| What muscle divides the neck into the anterior and posterior triangle | Sternocleidomastoid |
| Contents of the anterior triangle | Common carotid artery internal jugular vein cnn 10 ansa cervicalis sympathetic trunk cranial nerve 12 |
| Contents of the posterior triangle | the external jugular vein the cervical plexus the brachial plexus drunk the phrenic nerve cranial nerve 11 |
| This muscle lies in the superficial fascia above the anterior triangle accidental damage can result in distortion of the shape of the mouth | Platysma muscle innervated by the facial nerve |
| Palpated at the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid at the level c5 | Carotid pulse |
| What level can the vibration of the common carotid artery be located | Level c4 parotid body oxygen chemoreceptor and carotid sinus pressure receptor can be found here |
| Present patient presenting with transient monocular blindness caused by t i a what procedure is usually done | Carotid endarterectomy in the anterior triangle of the neck |
| Procedure done in the anterior triangle of the neck for raynaud's phenomenon frostbite and microsurgery of the hand | Stellate ganglion nerve block at the level of the c6 vertebra |
| Injury to what nerve in the posterior triangle will cause abduction of the arm pass the horizon is compromise | Cranial nerve 11 paralysis of the trapezius |
| Injury to what structure in the posterior triangle will cost erb duchenne or klumpke syndromes | Trucks of the brachial plexus |
| Nerve block use in the superficial surgery on the neck thyroid gland and for pain management inserted at the vertebral level c3 along the landmark connecting the mastoid process to the transverse process c6 | cervical plexus nerve block |
| Needle inserted at the vertebral level c6 into the interscalene groove using the cricket cartilage c6 and turn a plated muscles as landmarks | Brachial plexus nerve block |
| The ventricle of the larynx is bounded superior levi and inferiorly by | vestibular folds superiorly and vocal folds inferiorly |
| All intrinsic muscles of the larynx are innervated by the inferior laryngeal nerve of cranial nerve 10 which is a continuation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve except | Cricothyroid muscle innervated by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve of cn d10 |
| Intrinsic muscle of the larynx that abduct the vocal fold and opens airways | Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle |
| Muscles that adducts the vocal folds | lateral cricoarytenoid arytenoideus muscle |
| relaxes the vocal folds | Thyroaretenoid muscle |
| Alters the vocal folds for speaking and singing | Vocalis muscle |
| Stretches and tenses the vocal fold | CRico thyroid muscle |
| closest the laryngeal aditus sphincter function | transverse and oblique arytenoid muscle |
| Damage to what nerve can result from dissection around the ligament of berry or ligation of the inferior thyroid artery | Unilateral damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve hoarseness of voice inability to speak for long period |
| Nerve damage that can result from dissection around the ligament of berry or ligation of the inferior thyroid artery which results in dyspnea | Bilateral damage recurrent laryngeal nerve |
| Damage that can result by ligating the superior thyroid artery | superior laryngeal nerve weak voice with loss of projection |
| Incision made for cricket aroid ectomy will pass through the following structures | skin superficial fascia platysma deep cervical fascia pretracheal fascia cricothyroid ligament |
| In a cricothyroidectomy what should be avoided | Iplatysma --anterior jugular vein pretracheal fascia --sternohyoid muscle cricothyroid ligament-- cricothyroid muscle |
| Tracheostomy is inserted between what tracheal cartilage ring | Second and third |
| Tracheostomy will pass through the following structures | skin superficial fascia platysma deep cervical fascia pretracheal fascia cartilage rings |
| One to two weeks after placement of a tracheostomy what artery can be eroded that can cause hemorrhage | Brachiocephalic artery or innominate artery |
| arterial supply of the thyroid gland | External carotid via superior thyroid artery subclavian artery via inferior thyroid artery aorta via thyroid ima artery |
| Superior suspensory ligament of the thyroid gland located adjacent to the coiled cartilage on the posterior surface | ligament of berry |
| Blood supply for parathyroid gland | Inferior thyroid artery |
| The parotid gland secretes serious saliva via | Parotid duct of stensen |
| This nerve has no function in the parotid gland but branches of and emerging after it | facial nerve |
| Blood supply of the parotid gland | external carotid artery |
| Venous drainage of the parotid gland | external jugular vein |
| innervation of the parotid gland | preganglionic fibers from glossopharyngeal nerve and postganglionic from trigeminal nerve |
| Surgery on the parotid gland may cause damage to what nerve | The auricular temporal nerve of the trigeminal nerve frey syndrome |
| Facial laceration near the anterior border of the masseter muscle will kat what | Parotid duct of stenson and the buccal branch of cranial nerve 7 |
| What is the function of the paranasal sinuses | To make the head lighter and for the resonance of sound |
| What sinus is the first two developed and the largest | maxillary sinus |
Created by:
katdelaphee
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