Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Exam 4
Ch 40,
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Single Cell | surface area: |
| two layers of cells | surface area: |
| Hierarchical Organization of Body Plans | Tissues, organs, organ systems |
| Connective Tissue | - loose connective tissue - fibrous connective tissue - bone - cartilage - adipose tissue - blood |
| Loose connective tissue | collagenous fiber and elastic fiber |
| Cartilage | chondrocytes and chondroitin sulfate |
| fibrous connective tissue | nuclei |
| adipose tissue | fat droplets |
| bone | central canal and osteon |
| blood | white blood cells, red blood cells, plasma |
| Muscle Tissue | -Skeletal - Smooth - Cardiac |
| Skeletal Muscle | sarcomere, muscle fiber, and multiple nuclei |
| cardiac muscle | nucleus, intercalated disk |
| smooth muscle | nucleus, muscle fibers |
| Nervous Tissue | Neuron |
| Neuron | dendrites, cell body, axon, glial cells, blood vessels |
| Organ System | - Digestive - Circulatory - Respiratory - Immune and lymphatic - Excretory - Endocrine - Reproductive - Nervous - Integumentary - Skeletal - Muscular |
| Digestive : Main Components | Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas, anus |
| Digestive: Main Functions | Food processing (ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination) |
| Circulatory: Main Components | Heart, blood vessels, blood |
| Circulatory: Main Functions | Internal distribution of materials |
| Respiratory: Main Components | Lungs, trachea, other breathing tubes |
| Respiratory: Main Functions | gas exchange (uptake of oxygen; disposal of carbon dioxide) |
| Immune and lymphatic: Main Components | Bone marrow, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, lymph vessels, white blood cells |
| Immune and lymphatic: Main Functions | Body Defense ( fighting infections and cancer) |
| Excretory: Main Components | Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra |
| Excretory: Main Functions | Disposal of metabolic wastes; regulation of osmotic balance of blood |
| Endocrine: Main Components | Pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal, and other hormone-secreting glands |
| Endocrine: Main Functions | Coordination of body activities (such as digestion and metabolism) |
| Reproductive: Main Components | Ovaries or testes, and associated organs |
| Reproductive: Main Functions | Reproduction |
| Nervous: Main Components | Brain, Spinal cord, nerves, sensory organs |
| Nervous: Main Functions | Coordination of body activities; detection of stimuli and formulation of responses to them |
| Integumentary: Main Components | skin and its derivatives (hair, claws, skin glands) |
| Integumentary: Main Functions | Protection against mechanical injury, infection, drying out, thermoregulation |
| Skeletal: Main Components | Skeleton (bones, tendons, ligaments, cartilage) |
| Skeletal: Main Functions | Body suport, protection of internal organs, movement |
| Muscular: Main Components | Skeletal muscles |
| Muscular: Main Functions | Locomotion and other movement |
| Five general adaptations help animals thermoregulate: | -Insulation (skin, feathers, fur, blubber) -Circulatory adaptations (vasodialator, constrictor, countercurrent exchange) -Cooling by evaporative heat loss (sweating, panting) -Behavioral responses -Adjusting metabolic heat production |
| Acclimatization in Thermoregulation | -Birds and mammals can vary their insulation to acclimatize to seasonal temperature changes -some ectotherms produce “antifreeze” compounds to prevent ice formation in their cells -Thermoregulation |
| Torpor and Energy Conservation | -Torpor is a physiological state in which activity is low and metabolism decreases -Torpor enables animals to save energy -Hibernation is long-term torpor that is an adaptation to winter cold and food scarcity |
| Population ecology | Study of populations in relation to their environment |
| Population ecology explores... | Biotic and abiotic factors influence abundance, dispersion, age structure of populations |
| Population | Group of individuals of a single species living in the same general area. |
| Density | Number of individuals per unit area or volume |
| Dispersion | The pattern of spacing among individuals within the boundaries of the population |
| Immigration | Influx of new individuals from other areas |
| Emigration | The movement of individuals out of a population and into other locations. |
| Territoriality | The defense of a bounded physical space against encroachment by other individuals |
| Demography | The study of these vital statistics of populations and how they change over time |
Created by:
savepeople