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Micro 3 Exam
Adaptive Immune System April 12th
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| B-cell | Immunoglobulin rearrangements occur early in ___ precursor development. |
| variety | BCR/Antibody Variability: Gene rearrangements and allelic exclusions allow for generation of... |
| B-cell | Each ___ expresses only one immunoglobulin specificity. |
| V and J | Light chains and their variable regions: We get rearrangement of ___ and ___ genes |
| DNA level | Light chain rearrangement occurs at what level? |
| 2 regions | How many regions for gene rearrangement are there? |
| VDJ recombinase; random | Rearrangement of light chain genes is facilitated by ___ and this happens at ___? |
| mRNA level | Uniting variable and constant regions of light chains occurs at the what level? |
| Translated into a single polypeptide. | On light chains at the mRNA level, VJ segment is spliced to constant mRNA and then whathappens? |
| DNA | VJ joining in the light chain occurs at what level? |
| V, D, and J | At the heavy chains of immunoglobulins/ antibodies, the variable regions: have the rearrangement of which three genes? |
| first | DJ is formed ___, then VDJ is formed by removal of intervening DNA. |
| VDJ recombinase | Heavy chain variability is facilitated by? and happens at random. |
| permits permeability of blood vessels | TNF-alpha |
| 3 regions | Heavy chain rearrangement of V, D, and J genes occurs at how many regions? |
| mRNA | VDJ splicing to the constant regions occurs at the ___ level just like light chains. |
| random combinations | Antigen binding variability is determined by ___ of light and heavy chain variable regions and millions of combos are possible. |
| monomeric IgM or IgD | Unstimulated B-cells display what isotypes on their cell surface? |
| Isotype Switching | Stimulation of B-cells leads to a change in isotype but not specificity. This is called... |
| SINGLE | B -cells only produce how many isotypes at a time? |
| IgG and IgM | Which isotypes activate the complement? |
| IgA | Which isotypes are secreted into the mucus membrane? |
| IgE | Which isotypes are bound to the surface of cells (mast cells and basophils)? |
| pyretic (fever inducer) bc it raises body temperature | IL-6 is a |
| IgM | The initial antibody response is dominated by what isotype? |
| reserve memory B-cell | Not all B-cells are become plasma cells bc some are kept as a? |
| C region | With the correct cytokine signals, memory B cells undergo further rearrangement with ___ region genes generating new isotype. |
| human leukocyte antigen (HLA). | MHC is also known as? |
| Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) | MHC III are complement components of? |
| transplantation | MHC matching is critical during? |
| β2 | MHC 1 molecules are co-dominantly expressed in association with? |
| nucleated cells | MHC 1 molecules are found on the surface of all what cell types? |
| is formed between α1 and α2 that binds an 8-9 aa peptide. | In MHC 1 molecules, a cleft is formed between? |
| DCs, macrophages, and B-cells. | MHC ll molecules are normally expressed on what cells? |
| HLA gene in cis and trans | MHC II molecules α and β combine only from the same |
| is formed between α1 and β1 that binds an 18-20 aa peptide. | In MHC II molecules, a cleft is formed between? |
| MHC I and are intracellular antigens | CD8+ T-cells interact with ___ and are ___? |
| MHC II and are extracellular antigens | CD4+ T-cells interact with ___ and are ___? |
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