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Moving & Shaking
Understanding earthquakes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What causes an earthquake? | The buildup of friction between two lithospheric plates. |
| What is a focus? | The point below the surface where the rock breaks and causes an earthquake; the origin of energy release. |
| What is a fault? | A fracture in the Earth's crust where movement can occur. |
| Where are seismic waves strongest? | At the epicenter, or at the surface right above the focus. |
| Where do shallow focus earthquakes occur? | Less than 50 km beneath the surface. |
| Where do deep focus earthquakes occur? | At subduction zone as deep as 700 km below the surface. |
| Where is the epicenter of an earthquake? | Right above the focus of an earthquake. |
| What are primary waves (P-waves)? | They are a body wave that travels through the interior of the earth and arrives first at any location. |
| What are secondary waves (S-waves)? | Waves that travel more slowly than P-Waves and cause the rock to move in a side-side motion. |
| What is a seismograph? | An instrument that measures and records seismic waves |
| What does the Richter Scale measure? | It rates earthquakes according to the size of seismic waves. |
| What does the Moment Magnitude Scale measure? | It rates the total energy released by an earthquake. |
| What is the Mercalli Intensity Scale? | A scale that rates the damage suffered by buildings, the ground, and people. |
Created by:
mrs b
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