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Earthquake/ Volcano

Vocabulary for Earthquakes and Volcanoes

QuestionAnswer
earthquake Vibrations in the ground that result from movement along breaks in Earth's lithosphere
fault break in Earth's lithosphere where one block of rock moves toward, away, or past another
seismic wave travels as vibrations on and in Earth
focus location where rocks first move along a fault and seismic waves originate
epicenter location directly above the focus of an earthquake
primary wave fastest-moving type of seismic wave, causes particles in the ground to move in a push-pull motion
secondary wave a lower moving seismic wave, causes particles in the ground to move up and down at right angles as the wave travels
surface wave causes particles in the ground to move up and down similar to ocean waves
seismologist scientist who studies earthquakes
seismometer measures and records ground motion and the distance and direction of seismic wave travel
seismogram graphical illustration of seismic waves
pyroclastic a fast-movingcloud of ash, hot gases and rocks that explodes from an erupting volcano
magma molten rock below Earth's surface
lava molten material that erupts onto Earth's surface
hot spot volcano that is not associated with a plate boundary
shield volcano large volcano with basaltic lava; located along divergent plate boundaries and oceanic hot spots
composite volcano large, steep-sided volcano that results from explosive eruptions of andesitic or rhyolitic lavas along convergent plat boundaries
cinder cone small, steep-sided volcano that erupts gas-rich, basaltic lava
volcanic ash tiny particles of pulverized volcanic rock and glass
viscosity liquid's ability to flow
volcano vent in Earth's crust through which molten rock flows
caldera a depression formed when a volcano's summit collapses or is blown away by an explosive eruption
Created by: hallet
Popular Earth Science sets

 

 



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