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SNC2D
DNA
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Nucleus | Contains the master set of instructions for a cell. Controls what the cell will become, how it will function and how long it will live. |
Chromosomes | Chromosomes are made of DNA. Each chromosome consists of a single molecule of DNA divided into segments called genes. |
Genes | Contain codes that provide instructions for making specific proteins. One gene codes for a complete protein. |
Proteins | Five main functions. Structural (build body parts), transport (carry materials around the body), hormones (transfer signals from one body part to another), enzymes (speed up chemical reactions in the body), antibodies (help immune responses) |
DNA | Backbone: made up of sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups (PO4). Base pairs: Adenine/Thymine and Guanine/Cytosine |
Mutation | A change in the order of base pairs in DNA caused by physical damage to the DNA in one or any cells. |
Mutagen | Substance or factor that causes mutation (e.g., x-rays, UV rays, certain chemicals, etc.) |