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Env Sci Exam Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| nonrenewable resource | A natural resource that is not replaced in our lifetime because it is formed more slowly than we use it. |
| renewable resource | A natural resource that can be replaced in our lifetime and is formed faster than we can use it, also might not be used up when we do use it (wind, sun, etc.) |
| Examples of renewable resources | solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, and hydropower |
| independent variable | The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied. |
| dependent variable | The results; what a scientist is measuring during an experiment |
| Geosphere | The part of Earth's system that contains all of the rocks and Earth's crust |
| atmosphere | A mixture of gases that surrounds Earth |
| Biosphere | Consists of all life on Earth |
| Hydrosphere | All the water on earth |
| Condensation | The change of state from a gas to a liquid |
| Transpiration | Evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant |
| population | group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area (all the black squirrels in the park) |
| community | All the different populations that live together in an area (all the squirrels, birds, plants, and fungi in the park) |
| ecosystem | All of the living things and their abiotic environment in a certain area |
| migration | Temporary movement from one place to another, such as when birds travel south for the winter |
| immigration | Movement of individuals into a population |
| Factors that affect population growth | births, deaths, immigration, emigration (NOT migration) |
| primary succession | An ecological succession that begins in an area where no biotic community previously existed (i.e. newly formed volcanic islands, rocks left after glaciers retreat) |
| 10% | The amount of energy transferred from one trophic level to another. |
| Primary producers | Also known as photosynthetic organisms, such as plants and photosynthetic bacteria; harness energy from the sun and make their own food |
| omnivores | eat both plants and animals; humans tend to be omnivores |
| weather | The atmospheric conditions of a certain place at a certain time (what is happening RIGHT NOW) |
| 75% | percent of earth's surface that is covered in water |
| biodiversity | measured three ways: ecosystem, species, and genetic biodiversity; a measure of the differences found at each level - more is better! |
| developed country | high ecological footprint; good access to healthcare, clean water, industry, and education; lower population growth rates; examples are the U.S., Australia, and most of Europe |
| developing countries | low ecological footprint; high population growth rates, poor access to clean water, healthcare, and education; examples are most African and South American countries, India |
| Urban areas | cities - usually offer more jobs than rural areas, better access to shopping and other services, cheaper public services such as sewer, water, and trash |
| pesticides | chemicals that kill pests; improve crop yields, cheap to use each year, may also kill beneficial organisms such as bees (pollinators) |
| water conservation | careful use and protection of water resources - water gardens at night to prevent evaporation; shut off water while brushing teeth or washing dishes; use low-flow faucets |
| thermal pollution | Non-chemical water pollution that occurs when human activities cause a substantial change in the temperature of water, especially hot water discharge from nuclear power plants |
Created by:
MrsTwining
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