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Weather Vocab Words
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| air mass | A body of air covering a relatively wide area, exhibiting approximately uniform properties through any horizontal section. |
| air pressure | The force exerted by air, whether compressed or unconfined, on any surface in contact with it. |
| altitude | The height of anything above a given planetary reference plane, esp. above sea level on earth. |
| anemometer | Any instrument for measuring the speed of wind. |
| atmosphere | The gaseous envelope surrounding the earth; the air. |
| barometer | Any instrument that measures atmospheric pressure. |
| climate | The composite or generally prevailing weather conditions of a region, as temperature, air pressure, humidity, precipitation, sunshine, cloudiness, and winds, throughout the year, averaged over a series of years. |
| condensation | The act or process of reducing a gas or vapor to a liquid or solid form. |
| conduction | The transfer of heat between two parts of a stationary system, caused by a temperature difference between the parts |
| convection | the transfer of heat by the circulation or movement of the heated parts of a liquid or gas. |
| density | the state or quality of being dense; compactness; closely set or crowded condition. |
| dew point | the temperature to which air must be cooled, at a given pressure and water-vapor content, for it to reach saturation; the temperature at which dew begins to form. |
| drought | a period of dry weather, esp. a long one that is injurious to crops. |
| El Nino | a warm ocean current of variable intensity that develops after late December along the coast of Ecuador and Peru and sometimes causes catastrophic weather conditions. |
| evaporation | matter or the quantity of matter evaporated or passed off in vapor. |
| front | an interface or zone of transition between two dissimilar air masses. |
| greenhouse effect | atmospheric heating phenomenon, caused by short wave solar radiation being readily transmitted inward through the earth's atmosphere but longer wavelength heat radiation less readily transmitted outward. |
| heat | the state of a body perceived as having or generating a relatively high degree of warmth. |
| humidity | humid condition; moistness; dampness. |
| ionosphere | the region of the earth's atmosphere between the stratosphere and the exosphere, consisting of several ionized layers and extending from about 50 to 250 miles above the surface of the earth. |
| isobars | a line drawn on a weather map or chart that connects points at which the barometric pressure is the same. |
| isotherms | a line on a weather map or chart connecting points having equal temperature. |
| jet streams | strong, generally westerly winds concentrated in a relatively narrow and shallow stream in the upper troposphere of the earth. |
| mesosphere | the region between the ionosphere and the exosphere, extending from about 250–650 miles above the surface of the earth. |
| meteorologist | One who reports and forecasts weather conditions. |
| occluded | a composite front formed when a cold front overtakes a warm front and forces it aloft. |
| ozone | A poisonous allotrope of oxygen, that is formed naturally in the ozone layer from atmospheric oxygen by electric discharge or exposure to ultraviolet radiation, also produced in the lower atmosphere by the photochemical reaction of certain pollutants. |
| pollutants | any substance, as certain chemicals or waste products, that renders the air, soil, water, or other natural resource harmful or unsuitable for a specific purpose. |
| precipitation | falling products of condensation in the atmosphere, as rain, snow, or hail. |
| pressure | the exertion of force upon a surface by an object, fluid, etc., in contact with it. |
| psychrometer | an instrument for determining atmospheric humidity by the reading of two thermometers, the bulb of one being kept moist and ventilated. |
| radiation | the complete process in which energy is emitted by one body, transmitted through an intervening medium or space, and absorbed by another body. |
| rain gauge | an instrument for measuring rainfall. |
| relative humidity | the amount of water vapor in the air, expressed as a percentage of the maximum amount that the air could hold at the given temperature; the ratio of the actual water vapor pressure to the saturation vapor pressure. |
| stratosphere | the region of the upper atmosphere extending upward from the tropopause to about 30 miles above the earth, characterized by little vertical change in temperature. |
| temperature | a measure of the warmth or coldness of an object or substance with reference to some standard value. The temperature of two systems is the same when the systems are in thermal equilibrium. |
| thermometer | An instrument for measuring temperature, especially one having a graduated glass tube with a bulb containing a liquid, typically mercury or colored alcohol, that expands and rises in the tube as the temperature increases. |
| thermosphere | the region of the upper atmosphere in which temperature increases continuously with altitude, encompassing essentially all of the atmosphere above the mesosphere. |
| troposphere | The lowest region of the atmosphere between the earth's surface and the tropopause, characterized by decreasing temperature with increasing altitude. |
| water vapor | a dispersion, in air, of molecules of water, esp. as produced by evaporation at ambient temperatures rather than by boiling. |
| weather | the state of the atmosphere with respect to wind, temperature, cloudiness, moisture, pressure, etc. |
| wind | air in natural motion, as that moving horizontally at any velocity along the earth's surface. |
| tornado | a localized, violently destructive windstorm occurring over land, esp. in the Middle West, and characterized by a long, funnel-shaped cloud extending toward the ground and made visible by condensation and debris. |
| hurricane | a violent, tropical, cyclonic storm of the western North Atlantic, having wind speeds of or in excess of 72 mph |
| storm | a disturbance of the normal condition of the atmosphere, manifesting itself by winds of unusual force or direction, often accompanied by rain, snow, hail, thunder, and lightning, or flying sand or dust. |
| monsoon | the seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern Asia, blowing from the southwest in summer and from the northeast in winter. |
| flash flood | a sudden and destructive rush of water down a narrow gully or over a sloping surface, caused by heavy rainfall. |
| cyclone | a large-scale, atmospheric wind-and-pressure system characterized by low pressure at its center and by circular wind motion, counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. |
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abuschang
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