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Biotic/AbioticFactor
8.11A 8.11B
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abiotic | nonliving factors in the environment; physical rather than biological; do not come from living organisms |
| Biotic | living factors in the environment; relating to, produced by, or caused by living organisms |
| Ecosystem | the living and nonliving components of an environment |
| Population | all of the members of a species living in a particular area at a particular time |
| Variation | all the organisms in a population are not exactly the same due to differences in traits caused by genetic mutations |
| Adaptation | a trait which helps an organism or species survive |
| Genetic Mutations | an alteration or change in a gene or section of DNA which codes for a trait |
| Natural Selection | the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring |
| Survival of the Fittest | a natural process resulting in the survival of organisms best suited to live in an environment |
| carrying capacity | the largest number of individuals of one species that an ecosystem can support over time |
| competition | two or more individuals or populations trying to use the same resources such as food, water, shelter, space, or sunlight |
| habitat | the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism |
| limiting factor | resources that limit population growth |
| organism | a living being, such as an animal, plant, fungus, protist or bacteria |
| population | members of the same species; example – a grove of oak trees, citizens of Gilmer or herd of cows |
| short-term environmental changes | drought, smog, flooding, volcanic eruption, blizzards, and pollution;do not give populations time to adapt to the change and force them to move or become extinct |
| long-term environmental changes | such as natural temperature fluctuations, affect organisms over generations, occur gradually over time and allow populations the opportunity to adapt. |
| Ecological Succession | series of gradual changes that occur in a community following a disturbance |
| Primary Succession | succession that occurs on surface where no soil occurs |
| Secondary Succession | type of succession that occurs in an area that was only partially destroyed by disturbances |
| Pioneer Species | the first species to populate an area |
| Marine ecosystems | ecosystems found in salty water such as oceans, seas, and gulfs. |
| Terrestrial ecosystems | ecosystems found on land |
| Freshwater ecosystems | ecosystems found in water with little salt content such as lakes, streams, ponds, and rivers. |
| Biodiversity | the variety of species living within an ecosystem |
| Subsequent populations | future generations of a specific population of species |
| Pollution | the contamination of air, water, or soil by substances that are harmful to living organisms |
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YoungbloodScience
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