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Brain tumors
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tumors inside brain substance | Gliomas and vascular tumors |
| Tumors outside brain substance | Meningiomas and cranial nerve tumors |
| Malignancy of astrocytomas | Moderately malignant grades I and II (glia cells and astrocytes) |
| Malignancy of glioblastomas | Highly malignant and invasive grade III and IV(primitive stem cell) |
| What is a meningioma? | endothelial cells, 20% tumors, benign and encapsulated |
| What is a neuroma? | 5% tumors, benign or low-grade malignancy, encapsulated |
| What is a vascular tumor? | 3% tumors, benign, overgrowth of arteries and veins |
| What is a pituatary adenoma? | 10% tumors, benign |
| What are the local destructive effects of a tumor? | accumulation of metabolites, displacement of structures, obstruction of CSF flow and effects of edema and ICP on cerebral function |
| Symptoms of frontal lobe tumor | memory deficit, personality and judgment changes, visual disturbances, seizures |
| Symptoms of parietal lobe tumor | speech disturbances (if on dominant hemisphere), inability to write, spatial disorders |
| Symptoms of occipital lobe tumor | seizures, blindness |
| Symptoms of temporal lobe tumor | seizures, dysphagia |
| Symptoms of metastatic tumors | headache, n/v |
| Symptoms of thalamus tumor | headache, nausea, vision disturbances, papilledema, nystagmus, DI |
| Symptoms of cerebellopontine tumors | tinnitus, vertigo, deafness |
| Symptoms of brainstem tumor | headache, drowsiness, vomiting, ataxic gait, facial muscle weakness, hearing loss, dysphagia, crossed eyes, hemiparesis |
| Symptoms of a spinal cord tumor | depends on nerve |
| Diagnosis of brain tumor | MRI, CT, PET, LP, EEG, brain scan, cerebral angiography, myelogram |
| Pharmacologic treatment | BCNU, methotrexate, corticosteroids |
| Side effects of cranial surgery | seizures, DI, increased ICP, CSF leak |
| Temozolamide (Temodar) | 1st oral chemotherapeutic agent that crosses blood/brain barrier |
Created by:
leigh_86us
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