Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Evolution test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors (change over time/ generations) | evolution |
| used to compare DNA b/w species | DNA sequencing |
| features found in different organisms that share structural similarities but different functions; shows strong evidence of common descent | Homologous structures |
| What are examples of homologous structures? | human arm/ hand and bat wing |
| perform similar functions not similar in origin; not used for common descent; developed because of similar environments | analogous structures |
| What are examples of analogous structures? | whale fin, shark fin |
| remnants of one important structures that gradually have lost all or most of their function over time; happens as a whole species | vestigial structures |
| the preserved remains or the trace evidence of an organism's existence in the past; can be compared to each other to determine common descent; can determine age | fossil |
| developed the theory that modern organisms evolved over long periods of time from common ancestors "Natural Selection" | Charles Darwin |
| a feature that allows an organism to survive and reproduce in their environment therefore allowing the feature to be passed to the next generation | adaptation |
| organisms with variations most well suited to an environment will survive; nature selects who lives and dies | natural selection |
| how well an organism is suited to its environment; not necessarily strongest/ fastest, could be smallest, or colors | fitness |
| can blend in with environment | camouflage |
| organisms will copy each other to confuse predators | mimicry |
| developed binomial nomenclature | Linnaeus |
| 2-3 word name given to specific species; 1st word is genus, 2nd word is species(usually describes a unique feature or the habitat | binomial nomenclature |
| Why do we have binomial nomenclature? | different languages |
| since adaptations are random mutations that ended up being useful, humans take advantage of those mutations | artificial selection |
| Where can we see natural selection today? | tortoises, finshes; peppered moths; pesticide resistant bugs; drug resistant bacteria |
| diagram(tree) of how things are related | cladogram |
| trait that is passed to the next generation | derived characters |
| something happened or changed causing a new branch | splitting event |
| allow scientists to identify organisms according to traits | dichotomous key |
| combination of alleles | genotype |
| form of a gene | allele |
| physical appearance | phenotype |
| group of the same species | population |
| all of the traits (alleles) within a population | gene pool |
| movement of alleles into or out of a population | gene flow |
| a change in allele frequency due to chance alone | genetic drift |
| reduction in a population due to a random event; reduces genetic variation | bottleneck effect |
| a small number of individuals become isolated from the original population(variation reduced) | founder effect |
| most individuals in this population have traits that fall b/w 2 extremes | normal distribution |
| observable change in the allele frequency over time | microevolution |
| one extreme is selected for | directional selection |
| both extremes are selected for | disruptive selection |
| speciation through the diversification of one ancestral species into many descendant species | adaptive radiation |
| passes from generation to generation without having to be learned | innate behavior(instinctive behavior) |
| an animal reduces its fitness to help other members of its social group "good of the group is more important that oneself" | altruism |
| anything that triggers a response | stimulus |
Created by:
colorguard101
Popular Biology sets