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Reproduction
Asexual and Sexual Reproduction
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Asexual Reproduction | When the genes of an offspring come from a single parent. Identical to parent. |
| Sexual Reproduction | When a male and female sex cell come together to form a unique organism. |
| Binary Fission | Asexual reproduction where an organism splits in half. (Bacteria) |
| Fragmentation | Asexual reproduction where an organism divides and generates to form a new organism. (Starfish) |
| Budding | Asexual reproduction where a new cell grows off the side of an existing cell. |
| Parthenogenesis | Asexual reproduction where an organism reproduces by "virgin birth." (Whiptail lizard, Copperhead Snake) |
| Fertilization | When reproductive cells, the egg and sperm, join to form a zygote. |
| Internal reproduction | Reproduction where the egg is fertilized inside of an organism. (humans) |
| External reproduction | Reproduction where the egg is fertilized outside of an organism. |
| Asexual reproduction advantages | Quick and doesn't require a mate. |
| Asexual reproduction disadvantages | No mixed traits and is identical to the parent, so carries whatever disease the parent might get. |
| Sexual reproduction advantages | More genetic variety and unique organism. |
| Sexual reproduction disadvantages | Longer time to develop and requires 2 parents. |
| Cross Pollination | Process in flowers where the pollen from one plant fertilizes the egg of another plant. |
| How are sex chromosomes labeled? | XY = Male; XX = Female |
| Mitosis | Cell division that occurs in soma (body) cells. |
| Meiosis | Cell division of gametes (sex cells). |
| Gametes | The sex cells in sexual reproduction. (sperm and egg) |
| Self pollination | Occurs when the egg of a flower is fertilized by the pollen of the same flower. |
| Male structure of a flower. | Stamen |
| Female structure of a flower. | Pistil |