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Gr 7 Science Ch 3
Gr 7 Science Ch 3.2 (Respiratory & Digestive Systems)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| respiratory system | body system that exchanges oxygen from the air with carbon dioxide from the blood |
| lungs | large, spongy respiratory organs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the blood and the air |
| pleura | thin, slippery membrane that covers the lungs |
| alveoli | any of the air sacs within the lungs that allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air |
| diaphragm | the muscle that aids in breathing by contracting to create more space i the thoracic cavity |
| digestive system | body system that breaks down food and allows it to be absorbed by the blood and used throughout the body as a source of energy |
| alimentary canal | path food flows through the digestive system |
| mouth | chews the food and mixes it with saliva |
| crown | the visible part of a tooth that is covered by enamel |
| root | the portion of the tooth that is not covered by enamel |
| esophagus | long, muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach |
| peristalsis | involuntary contraction of muscles in the esophagus that pushes food toward the stomach |
| epiglottis | trapdoor in the throat that keeps food from entering the trachea |
| stomach | muscular organ that acts as a food storage and mixing chamber |
| small intestine | organ where most chemical digestion and food absorption occurs |
| liver | large organ that produces bile, filters certain poisonous substances from the blood, and stores the bloods excess glucose |
| gallbladder | sac-like organ that stores bile |
| pancreas | organ that produces pancreatic juice and contains the islets of Langerhans |
| rectum | short section at the end of the colon where waste is eliminated from the body |
| villi | microscopic hair-like tubes that cover the inside wall of the small intestine and absorb digested food through their surface |
| enzyme | any of the molecules designed to make chemical reactions occur very rapidly |
| bronchus | any of the tubes that allow air to enter the lungs |
| trachea | in a human, the tube that transmits air between the pharynx and bronchi (the windpipe) |
| pharynx | throat |
| nasal cavity | structure where air entering the respiratory system is warmed, moistened, and filtered |
Created by:
mbrennan262
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