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Science Vocabulary 9
Science Words To Learn
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Mitosis | a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth. |
| 2.Cell cycle | the series of events that take place in a cell leading to duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) and division of cytoplasm and organelles to produce two daughter cells. |
| 3. Cell division | the division of a cell into two daughter cells with the same genetic material. |
| 4.Replication | the action of copying or reproducing something. |
| 5. Chromatin | the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. |
| 6. Chromatid | each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division |
| 7. Chromosome | a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. |
| 8. Centromere | the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division. |
| 9 .Cytokinesis | the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells. |
| 10. Centrioles | a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division. |
| 11. Daughter nuclei | the two nuclei that result from the division of a single nucleus, usually by mitosis. |
| 12.Clone | an organism or cell, or group of organisms or cells, produced asexually from one ancestor or stock, to which they are genetically identical. |
| 13.Diploid (number) | the number of chromosomes present in the body cells of a diploid organism. |
| 14.Asexual reproduction | a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of gametes, and almost never changes the number of chromosomes. |
| 15. Interphase | the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis. |
| 16. Cell plate | the structure found inside the dividing cells of terrestrial plants and some algae. |
| 17. Binary fission | asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms by division into two daughter cells. |
| 18. Grafting- | a technique used by farmers and scientists to attach the tissue of one plant to the tissue of another. |
| 19. Cancer | a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body. |
| 20. Prophase | the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears. |
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