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Science Vocabulary 9

Science Words To Learn

TermDefinition
1. Mitosis a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
2.Cell cycle the series of events that take place in a cell leading to duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) and division of cytoplasm and organelles to produce two daughter cells.
3. Cell division the division of a cell into two daughter cells with the same genetic material.
4.Replication the action of copying or reproducing something.
5. Chromatin the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed.
6. Chromatid each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division
7. Chromosome a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
8. Centromere the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division.
9 .Cytokinesis the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
10. Centrioles a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.
11. Daughter nuclei the two nuclei that result from the division of a single nucleus, usually by mitosis.
12.Clone an organism or cell, or group of organisms or cells, produced asexually from one ancestor or stock, to which they are genetically identical.
13.Diploid (number) the number of chromosomes present in the body cells of a diploid organism.
14.Asexual reproduction a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of gametes, and almost never changes the number of chromosomes.
15. Interphase the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis.
16. Cell plate the structure found inside the dividing cells of terrestrial plants and some algae.
17. Binary fission asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms by division into two daughter cells.
18. Grafting- a technique used by farmers and scientists to attach the tissue of one plant to the tissue of another.
19. Cancer a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body.
20. Prophase the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears.
Created by: 1011018