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bmms chpt. 5 life sc

bmms chpt. 5 life science

QuestionAnswer
The passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring. heredity
Each different form of a characteristic. trait
The scientific study of heredity genetics
A new organism begins to form when an egg and sperm join in this process. fertilization
The offspring of many generations that have the same traits. purebred
The factors that control a trait gene
The different forms of a gene alleles
An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present. dominant allele
Hidden whenever the dominant allele is present recessive allele
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait. hybrid
A number that describes how likely it is that a certain event will occur. probablility
A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross. Punnett square
An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits. phenotype
An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combination. genotype
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait. homozygous
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait. heterozygous
The alleles are neither dominant nor recessive; therfore, both alleles are expressed in the offspring. codominance
Genetic material from two parents combines to produce a new organism. sexual reproduction
A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes, one set from each parent diploid
The process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to form sex cells, sperm and eggs. Meiosis
Copies the coded message from the DNA in the nucleus, and carries the message to the ribosome in the cytoplasm. messenger RNA
Carries amino acids to the ribosome and adds them to the growing protein. transfer RNA
Any change in a gene or chromosome mutation
Created by: tgsheldon
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