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Adrenergic Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adrenergic Agonist | AKA sympathomimetics. Stimulate the SNS and mimic the effects of SNS endogenous neurotransmitters (catecholamines) norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine. |
| Adrenergic Receptors | Receptor sites for the catecholamines norepinephrine, and epinephrine. Adrenergic drugs bind to these sites and responses are produced when the sites are either stimulated or blocked. |
| Alpha-Adrenergic Receptors (1 & 2) | (Sub-types 1 and 2) Type 1 - postsynaptic location (located on the actual tissue, muscle, or organ). Type 2- presynaptic location. Controls the release of neurotransmitters. |
| Beta-Adrenergic Receptors (1 & 2) | (Sub-types 1 and 2...3) Type 1- (1 HEART) located on the heart. Type 2- (TWO LUNGS) located on the smooth muscle fibers of bronchioles, arterioles, and visceral organs. |
| Alpha-Adrenergic Agonist Response (1 & 2) | Vasoconstriction, and CNS stimulation. 1- Relaxation of GI smooth muscle, contraction of uterus/bladder, male ejaculation, pupil dilation (contraction of pupillary muscles). 2- Usually reverses sympathetic acvtivity (not a great significance). |
| Beta-Adrenergic Agonist Response (1 & 2) | 1- ^ Renin secretion. Cardiac stimulation. ^ force of contraction, ^heart-rate, ^ AV node electrical impulse. 2- Bronchial, GI, and uterine (beta-3 detrusor) smooth muscle relaxation. Liver glycogenolysis (glycogen to glucose= ^ energy). 3- ^ Bladder Cap. |
| Dopaminergic Receptor + Response | Stimulated only by dopamine, cause vessels of renal, mesenteric, coronary, and cerebral arteries to dilate. (^ Blood flow to these tissues). |
| Positive Inotropic Effect | (Beta1) Increased force of contraction. |
| Positive Chronotropic Effect | (Beta1) Increased heart rate. |
| Positive Dromotropic Effect | (Beta1) Increased conduction of cardiac electrical nerve impulses through AV node. |
| Bronchodilators | (Beta2) Adrenergic drugs that treat asthma/bronchitis. Usually end in -ol. Albuterol, formoterol, levalbuterol, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, salmeterol. Also Ephedrine (a/b), Epinephrine (a/b), Terbutaline (b2) (stops premature labor too). |
| Nasal Decongestants | (Alpha1) Adrenergic drug that constricts dilated arterioles and reduce nasal blood flow which decreases congestion. Little to no Beta-receptor effect. Usually end in -ine. Ephedrine (a/b), naphazoline, oxymetazoline, tetrahydrozoline, phenylephrine. |
| Opthalmics | (Alpha1) Adrenergics applied to the eye surface. Cause arteriolar vasoconstriction. Ephedrine (a/b), naphazoline, tetrahydrozoline, phenylephrine. |
| Mydriasis | (Alpha/Beta2 or both) Responsible for pupil dilation and treatment of open-angle glaucoma. Reduces intraocular pressure. Epinephrine, dipivefrin. |
| Overactive Bladder | (Beta3) Relaxes detrusor muscle during storage phase of bladder fill cycle, which leads to increased bladder storage capacity. Mirabegron. |
| Cardiovascular (Vasoactive Symphathomimetics) | (Alpha/Beta) Vasoconstrictive/Vassopressive. Support cardiovascular system during failure or shock. Dobutamine, dopamine, ephedrine, epinephrine, midodrine, norepinephrine, phenylphrine. Fenoldopam (D1 dopamine receptor). |
| Ends in "-ol" | Usually Beta. Relax (loose). |
| Ends in "-ine" | Usually Alpha. (Sometimes both). Contract (tighten). |
| Adrenergic Contraindications | Allergies/Hypertension |
Created by:
proulxh631
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