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Soil Vocabulary

Defintitions for soil vocabulary

TermDefinition
Soil A loose mixture of rock fragments, organic material, water, and air that can support the growth of vegetation.
Parent Rock The rock formation that is the source of mineral fragments in the soil.
Bedrock The layer of rock beneath the soil.
Infiltration the ability of water to move through soil This is influenced by soil texture.
Soil Fertility The soil's ability to hold nutrients and to supply nutrients to the plants.
Humus The dark, organic material formed in soil from the decayed remains of plants and animals.
Horizons The horizontal layers of the soil
Leaching The removal of substances that can be dissolved from rock, ore, or layers of soil due to the passing of water through the soil.
Top soil The top layer of soil. It contains more humus than the other layers below it. This layer is rich and nutrients and necessary for farming
Horizon O (Humus) The layer of the soil that is made of decaying plants and animals(organic material), It is found in areas such as a forest.
Horizon A (Top Soil) This layer consist of mineral matter mixed with some organic matter. Contains more humus than any other soil horizon does.
Horizon B (Subsoil) This layer is very rich is nutrients that have been washed out from the other horizons collect here. (leaching) Lower limit of most plant roots and burrowing animals.
Horizon C Is made up of partly weathered bedrock or of sediments from other locations (parent material)
Horizon R This layer is made up of bedrock that has not been weathered very much.
Created by: parhamscience
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