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ONCOLOGY 1400

Oncology part 2 Detection-Alison Miles

QuestionAnswer
Alpha-fetoprotein Lab carcinomas of testicles, pancreas and liver
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) increased w/breast, pancreas, liver, kidney and colon cancer; may be elevated for no reason
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) prostate cancer, slightly elevated in benign prostate hyperplasia
CA 15-3 metastatic breast cancer
CA 19-9 gastrointestinal and pancreatic cancers
CA 125 ovarian cancer
CT 3 dimensional view of tissue used to determine tumor density, size and location; used in detecting many types of cancer
Nuclear Imaging tissurs are observed for changes using radioactive isotope
MRI magnetic fields used to differentiate diseased tissue from healthy tissue; used to study blood flow; visualizes tumors hidden by bone
PET cross-sectional view of tissue looks at increased concentration of isotopes in malignant cells; differentiates between benign and malignant cells
Radioimmunoconjugates monoclonal antibodies labeled w/isotopes are injected IV and accumulate at tumor site which makes tumor visible
Ultrasound uses high frequency sound waves; determines if tumor is solid or fluid filled
Fluoroscopy x-rays used to look at differences in the densities of body tissues; used for bone and gastric cancers
Biopsy tissue samples are excised from the body and are examined microscopically; needle biopsy; surgical excision (best option)
Frozen section immediate examination of the cells once tumor removed; specimen is quickly frozen then sliced into thin sheets and observed
Endoscopy flexible tubes with special fiber cameras to look at specific body areas
Gastroscopy flexible tubes w/special cameras to look at the STOMACH
Bronchoscopy flexible tubes w/special cameras to look at the LUNGS
Colonoscopy flexible tubes w/special cameras to look at the COLON
"go lightly" cleans out the colon when having a Colonoscopy
Cytology microscopic exam of cells; used to diagnose malignancies in cells; can be obtained by needle aspiration, scraping, brushing or sputum
Created by: txladybug70
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