click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Esps Test
Here it is
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Geologic Time scale | Shows Earth’s history and divided into Eons,Eras,Periods,Epoch |
Stratigraphy | the branch of geology concerned with the order and relative position of strata and their relationship to the geological time scale |
Strata | A sequence of layers of rock and can determine when the rock layers formed |
Radiometric dating | Rocks contain small amounts of radioactive |
Relative Age | The geologic age of fossil, organism, rock and etc.. |
Absolute Dating | Determine the numeric age of a rock |
Radiometric Dating | Rocks contain small amounts of radioactive |
Carbon dating | Used to date younger rock that has organic material in it. |
Divisions of Time scale - why are there divisions? | There are divisions because they reflect major changes in the fossil records. |
What happens on Earth that makes divisions of time necessary? | They tell us fossil record, extinction and when new life forms. |
Theory of Plate Tectonics | Why & how the continents move over time. |
Lithosphere | Earth’s crust and the upper part of the mantle |
Asthenosphere | Layer of rock below the lithosphere “Just like putty” |
Divergent boundary | Move from each other |
Convergent boundary | Boundaries move towards each other |
Transform boundary | Plates slide past each other horizontal |
Seafloor spreading | New areas of oceanic crust because the rising magma at mid ocean ridge and outward movement |
Law of superposition | All layers of rock are horizontal that younger strata lie on top of older strata. |
Original horizontality | States the layers of sediment are originated horizontally. |
Lateral continuity | Something cut, on both sides same two layers |
Unconformities | Geologic process occurs in the past same thing today and the future |
Nonconformity | Rock up lifted, eroded, new layers came on top of it |
Angular unconformity | On an angle |
Disconformity | Eroded, new layers on top |
Cross-cutting relationships | Have a cut |
Know how we get the ages of rocks and fossils from the ground | Relative age to determine the age or Radiometric dating. |
Relative vs. Absolute (radiometric/carbon) dating | Absolute dating is used to determine a precise age of a rock or fossil through small amounts of radiometric and relative dating, younger rock that has organic material in it |
Know how rock layers can be dated, relative age, using laws and geologic features | Rock layers can be dated by radioactive carbon to measure the decay of isotopes. If left undisturbed, the sediment will remain in horizontal layers. Scientists use the order of these layers to date the rock of each layer. |
Know the theory of plate tectonics and describe it with detail | 200 million years ago a supercontinent pangea where all the continents were connected then they started to move into other land masses because of convection currents and the lithosphere of the earth is divided into several plates moving over the mantle. |
How can the theory of plate tectonics be proven | This can be proven because the shape of the continents match other continents like a puzzle. Also the location of mountains and fossils can be found near two location that might have been one in the past also known as index fossils. |
Divergent | Sea floor spreading, - Ridge- ocean - Rift valley- land |
Divergent - Location | - Mid Atlantic great -African rift valley |
Transform | Sliding, - Fault line - Earthquakes |
Transform- Location | -St Andreas |
Convergent Oceanic continental | Subduction -Trench -Mountains -Volcanoes |
Convergent Oceanic continental- Location | -Andes Mt.Chile - West coast S.T |
Convergent Oceanic Oceanic | Subduction, -Trench -Island arc |
Convergent Oceanic Oceanic- Location | -Philippians- Japan |
Convergent Continental Continental | Folding, -Mountains |
Convergent Continental Continental- Location | -Himalayas |