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Chap 3 / Unit 1
Nutrition (Leaving Cert Exam Questions)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Two reasons why living organisms require food? | As a source of energy or for growth |
| Polysaccharide | A carbohydrate composed of many sugar units |
| Main structure of polysaccharide (In plants)? | Cellulose or Starch |
| Describe a triglyceride (It's biomolecular components) | Is one molecule of glycerol linked to three fatty acids |
| Structural role of lipids? | Found in the cell membrane |
| What chemicals do you use to see the presence of protein? | Biuret Solution or copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide |
| Structural role of Proteins? | Keratin or myosin |
| Where in the body could you find keratin / myosin? | Hair and nails / Muscle |
| Give a role of magnesium / calcium in plants | Helps form chlorophyll / helps cell walls to attach to each other |
| Why is water required for organism? | Is a good solvent or can help with transport or helps reactions take place |
| What metallic element is present haemoglobin? | Iron (Fe) |
| What chemicals do you use to see the presence of reducing sugars? | Benedict's or Fehling's solution |
| Non-metallic element found in protein? | Carbon (C) or Hydrogen (H) or Oxygen (O) or Nitrogen (N) or Sulfur (S) |
| Metabolic role of protein? | Used as enzyme to control reactions or some hormones are protein based |
| Where are phospholipids found? | Membrane |
| Give a role of iron / calcium in animals | Helps form haemoglobin / helps form bones and teeth |
| Approximate amount of water by mass for human cell / plant cell? | 70 - 95% / 90% |
| What may you use as a control substance? | Water |
| For the reducing sugar test what the positive / negative result? | Red / Blue |
| What is the simplest unit of carbohydrates? | Monosaccharides |
| What catabolic process produce monosaccharides? | Digestion |
| Carbohydrates (e.g monosaccharides) is Cx(H2O)y. What is y? | 6 |
| Carbohydrate found in DNA? | Deoxyribose |
| Phospholipid structure | Two fatty acid with a phophate and glycerol |
| A fat-soluble vitamin | Vitamin D |
| Deficiency in vitamin D | Rickets or osteomalacia |
| Examples of monosaccharide | Glucose or fructose |
| Examples of disaccharide | Maltose or sucrose |
| Examples of polysaccharide | Starch or cellulose or glycogen |
| Amino Acids | Building block of protein |
| What is the difference between fat and solids? | Fat is solid at room temperature while oil is liquid at room temperature |
| Carbohydrate is made of? | Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O) |
| Why are lipids and carbohydrates similar? | They both contain Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O) |
| What can you test with Sudan III or brown paper? | Lipids |
| How many common amino acids are found in protein? | 20 |
| Trace element | Are elements that we only need a tiny amount of |
| Examples of a trace element | Iron (Fe) or Copper (Cu) or Zinc (Z) |
| An example of a catabolic reaction | Respiration or Digeston |
| In carbohydrates what's 2:1? | Hydrogen and Oxygen |
| How much do you need heat the reducing sugar? | Heat but do not boil |
| What is Anabolic reactions? | Uses energy to convert smaller molecules into smaller ones |
| What is Catabolic reactions? | Energy broken own to a smaller form (releases energy) |
| An example of an anabolic reaction (In plants) | Photosynthesis |
| An example of a reducing sugar | Maltose or Glucose |
| Deficiency in vitamin C | Scurvy |
Created by:
Aimee214
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