Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biology Chapter 6
Chapter 6 Summarize
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis occurs within the chloroplasts of plants and some _________and involves two sets of chemical reactions. | Protists |
| The light reactions of photosynthesis capture solar energy to produce the ATP and NADPH needed to ____________ ___________. | Synthesize carbohydrates |
| The Calvin cycle uses the ________ of the light reactions to reduce CO2 and produce carbohydrates. | Outputs |
| Variations in the photosynthetic pathway have allowed producers to adapt to a ______________ of __________________. | Variety/environments |
| Cyanobacteria, algae, and plants carry on photosynthesis, a process in which water is oxidized and carbon dioxide is reduced using _______ ___________. | Solar energy |
| The combination of a reduction and an oxidation reaction is called a ____________ _________________. | Redox reaction |
| The end products of photosynthesis include ____________ and ______________. Solar energy + CO2 + H2O ----->(CH2O) + O2 | Carbohydrate/oxygen |
| In plants, photosynthesis ________ ____________ in the Chloroplasts of mesophyll cells. | Takes place |
| A chloroplast is bound by a __________ membrane. | Double |
| A chloroplast contains________ main components: the liquid stroma and the membranous grana made up of thylakoids. | Two |
| _________________ transforms solar energy into the chemical energy of a carbohydrate. | Photosynthesis |
| ____________ cells conduct photosynthesis. | Mesophyll |
| _______________ is the organelles that carry out photosynthesis. | Chloroplasts |
| In a chloroplast. a double membrane surrounds a fluid-filled area called the __________. | Stroma |
| A separate membrane system within the stroma forms flattened sacs called __________________. | Thylkoids |
| Thylakoids in some places are stacked to form ______(granum). | Grana |
| ____________ and other pigments reside within the membranes of the thylkoids. | Chlorophyll |
| During photosynthesis, the ____________ _______________ take place using chlorophyll molecules in the thylakoid membrane. | Light reactions |
| Calvin cycle ______________ take place in the stroma. | Reactions |
| _________ occurs when a mole and the molecule gains electrons (e-) and hydrogen ions (H+) and the molecule is said to be reduced. | Reduction |
| ______ occurs when a molecule give up (e-) and hydrogen ions and the molecule is said to be oxidized. | Oxidation |
| The light reactions use _______ __________ in the visible-light range. | Solar energy |
| ________________ is yellow or orange pigment that serves as an accessory to chlorophyll in photosynthesis. | Carotenoid |
| ______________ are named for the order in which they were discovered, not for the order in which they participate in the photosynthetic process. | Photosystems |
| __________ and ____________ are the two photosystems. | PS II/PS I |
| The collected solar energy results in ___________- __________ electrons at the reaction centers of the photosystems. | High-energy |
| Solar energy enters _______, and energized electrons are picked up by an electron acceptor. | PS II |
| The ___________ (splitting) of water replaces these electrons in the reaction center. | Oxidation |
| _________________ (O2) is released to the atmosphere, and hydrogen ions (H+) remain in the thylakoid space. | Oxygen |
| As electrons pass from one acceptor to another in an ____________ ___________ ________________, the release of energy allows the carriers to pump H+ into the thylakoid space. | Electron transport chain |
| The buildup of ___________ establishes an electrochemical gradient. | H+ |
| When solar energy is ________ by PS I, energized electrons leave and are ultimately received by NADP+ (a coenzyme), which also combines with H+ from the stroma to become NADPH. | Absorbed |
| Enzymes often have nonprotein helpers called _________. | Coenzyme |
| _____________ from PS II replace those lost by PS I. complexes. | Electrons |
| When H+ flows down to its concentration gradient through the channel present in ______ ___________. | ATP synthase |
| ATP is _____________ from ADP and P by ATP synthase. | Synthesized |
| ___________ ______________ is a portion of photosynthesis that takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts and can occur in the dark. | Calvin cycle |
| The Calvin cycle uses the products of the light reactions to reduce CO2 to a _________________. | Carbohydrate |
| _______ ___________ (rubisco) is enzyme required for carbon dioxide fixation (atmospheric CO2 attaches to RuBP) in the Calvin Cycle | RuBP carboxylase |
| _________ ____________ is the enzyme RUBP carboxylase fixes CO2 to RuBP, producing a 6-carbon molecule that immediately breaks down to a two C3 molecules. | CO2 fixation |
| _____ ___________ is CO2 (incorporated into an organic molecule) is reduced to carbohydrate (CH2O). | CO2 reduction |
| The CO2 reduction requires the ________and some of the ATP from the light reactions. | NADPH |
| _____________ of ________ is for every three turns of the Calvin cycle, the net gain is one G3P molecule. | Regeneration of RuBP |
| The other _____ G3P molecules are used to re-form three molecules of RuBP. This step also requires the energy of ATP. | Five |
| It takes two G3P molecules to make _____ glucose molecule. | One |
| _____ is then converted to all the organic molecules a plant needs. | G3P |
| Where temperature and rainfall tend to be moderate, plants carry on ______ _____________ and are therefore called C3 plants. | C3 photosynthesis |
| __________ _____________ plants have evolved an adaption that allows them to be successful in hot, dry conditions. | C4 photosynthesis |
| Another type of photosynthesis is called __________ _____________, which stands for crassulacean-acid metabolism. | CAM photosynthesis |
| __________________, a family of flowering succulent (water containing) plants that live in warm, arid regions. | Crassulaceae |
| Photosynthesis produces the carbohydrates that the majority of living organisms on Earth use as a ___________ of ___________. | Source/energy |
Created by:
jwatts1
Popular Biology sets