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HAP Resp & Digest
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Purpose of Respiratory System | GAS EXCHANGE blood & external environment (O2=CO2) |
| (Respiratory) Passageways: | purify, warm, and humidify incoming air |
| Pulmonary Ventilation | moving air in and out of lungs |
| Inspiration | flow of air INTO the lung |
| Expiration | flow of air OUT of the lung |
| Vacuum Suction | Increase in intrapulmonary volume created by contraction of DIaphragm and Thoracic muscles |
| Nose | Only External visible part of respiratory system |
| Nostrils | Air ==> Nostrils (external nares)==> Nasal Cavity |
| Nasal Cavity | Nostrils ==> divided by Nasal Septum/ Lined with respiratory mucosa and hairs (moisten air, trap foreign particles) ==> Pharynx |
| Conchae | Laterall wall projections of the Nasal Cavity increasing surface area and turbulence |
| Paranasal Sinuses | Lighten Skull, Resonance chambers for speech, Mucus drain into Nasal Cavity |
| Throat | Nasal Cavity ==> PHARYNX==> Larynx Naso-, Oro-, Laryngo- |
| Voicebox | Pharynx ==> LARYNX ==> Trachea Epiglottis Vocal Chords Glottis |
| Epiglottis | routes food to larynx and air to trachea |
| Vocal Chords | Vibrate with expelled air to create sound Glottis is opening between chords |
| Glottis | opening between Vocal Chords |
| Windpipe | Larynx==> TRACHEA ==> bronchi Lined with ciliated mucosa |
| Ciliated Mucosa | Found in Trachea beats continuously in opposite direction of air Expels dirty mucus away from lungs |
| Primary Bronchi | Division of trachea into two tubes that divide more and more, becoming smaller and smaller, ending in the terminal bronchioles |
| Lungs | most of thoracic cavity //right lung 3 lobes // left lung 2 lobes //Covered - pulmonary (visceral) pleura //Parietal Pleura lines walls //Pleural fluids fill area between, allow gliding |
| Pulmonary (visceral) pleura | Covers the lungs |
| Parietal Pleural | Lines thoracic cavity |
| Pleural fluids | fill interim between lungs and parietal pleura, allow gliding |
| Alveoli | Gas exchange through diffusion through respiratory membrane // Macrophages protect // ´Coated by stabilising surfactant keeping them form collapsing |
| External Respiration | Gas exchange between alveoli and blood vessels |
| Respiratory Gas Transport | Hemoglobin takes O2 by binding hem-protein // Gas transport via bloodstream |
| Internal respriation | Gas exchange between blood and tissue cells |