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Pharm1 Chapter27
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| arrest of bleeding either by physiologic properties of vasoconstriction and coagulation or by mechanical, surgical, or pharmocologic means | hemostasis |
| an inactive protein found in many body tissues and fluids, is bound to fibrin and becomes a component of the clot | plasminogen |
| when plasminogen is activated it produces what? | plasmin |
| what is plamin? | an enzyme that breaksdown the fibrin meswork that stablizes the clot |
| what is a thrombosis called when it travels through the circulatory system? | embolsim |
| what is blood clotting? | a normal body defense mechanism to prevent blood loss |
| inhibit the action or formation of clotting factors, and prevent clot formation | anticoagulants |
| inhibit platelet aggregation, prevent platelet plugs | antiplatelet drugs |
| lyse exsisiting clots | thrombolytic drugs |
| promote blood coagulation, manage conditions for excessive bleeding | hemostatic agents |
| what is the reversal agent? | hemostatic agents |
| turns off coagulation pathway and prevents clot formation? | heparin |
| what are the indications for anticoagulants? | prevent blood clot, stroke, MI, DVT, PE |
| Side effects of anticoagulants? | bleeding, NVD, abdominal cramps, thromoctyopenia |
| contrindications for anticoagulants are? | pregnancy, GI obstruction |
| what is the reversal agent to heparin? | protamine sulfate |
| what drug is useful in long-term prevention of thrombus? | warfarin ( coumadin) |
| what is the reversal agent for coumadin? | vitamin k |
| what are the drugs used for antiplatelet? | clopidogrel ( plavix) and ticlopidine ( Ticlid) |
| this prevents the lysis of fibrin? | antifibrinolytic |
| what are some of the antifibrinolytic drugs? | aminocaproic acid ( Amicar) |
| indications for antifibrinolytic agents? | prevention and treatment of excessive bleeding |
| agents that that break down , or lyse, performed clots are ? | thrombolytic |
| thrombolytic agents have what ending? | ase |
| when do we use thrombolytic agents ? | acute MI, DVT, PE, acute ischemic stroke, arterial thrombolysis |
| Heparin should not be given how? | IM |
| SC of heprin should not be given 2 inches of ? | umbilicus, abdominal incisions, unhealed wounds |
| LWMHS should be given where? | SC in abdomen and rotate injection site |
| when taking warfarin there may be potential interaction with what products? | herbal products |
| why do we need ot be careful of the herbal products? | because they can increase the bleeding |
| what are PT teaching with anticoagulants? | regualr lab testing, signs of abnormal bleeding, measures to prevent bruising, bleeding |
| what foods need to be avoided while taking anticoagulants? | foods high in vitamin k |
| what foods are high in vitamin k? | tomatoes, dark leafy green vegetables, bananas, fish |
| what needs to be taken on an empty stomach? | dipyridamole |
| what can alter the effectiveness of antiplatelet drugs? | nicotine |
| what are some LMWH drugs? | enoxaparin ( lovenox) and dalteaparin ( fragmin) |
| what is the reversal agent for LMWH? | protamine |
| when a PT is on warfarin therpay what medication should be avoided? | NSAIDS |
| what levels are checked are checked while a PT is on coumadin? | PT-INR levels |
| what drug has antiplatelet effects? | asprin |
Created by:
cspearsall
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