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SLSBio11EvolutionGN
SLS Bio11 Evolution GN
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Complementary base pairing | When the Nitrogen bases of T pair with A and G pairs with C. This happens through the hydrogen bonds |
| Convergent evolution | When two species/organisms that are not closely related adapt to have similar traits. An example is a bat and a bird. One is a mammal and the other is a bird but they both are similar in the way that they can fly |
| Divergent evolution | This is when a species evolves and branches out to different kinds of variations of that species. The birds of Galapagos Islands are an example of divergent evolution. |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | A self replicating substance that is in every living organism. It holds genetic information and the coding for protein. |
| Double helix | A double helix is the structure for a DNA molecule. It is described as a twisted ladder and divides to replicate DNA. |
| Evolutionary change | When an allele frequency changes in a population. When a gene increases or decreases in popularity for a species. This can happen through natural selection and mutations. |
| Gene flow | When an organism from one population immigrates into a new one and mates. This new organism would probably change the gene pool because of the unique traits that they brought in. |
| Genetic drift | A random change in gene frequency that effects the population. |
| Gradual change model | When a species gradually changes over time. The affects are slowly seen and appear more frequent over a long time. |
| Mutation | A change in genetic sequence that affects the individual genetics. A mutation can be inherited or appear because of a random error in DNA sequence |
| Natural selection | When the environment selects the most fit organisms to live. The organisms that are best adapted to the environment will survive and pass on their genes |
| Nitrogenous base | The bases that are part of the nucleotide on the double helix. There are four bases. They are thymine, Adenine, Guanine, and cytosine. They pair together through hydrogen bonds |
| Non- Random mating | When organisms look for traits in mates that will help them survive. An organism will select their potential mate based on their phenotypes. |
| Punctuated equilibrium model | When a species changes and adapts in random short spurs. This is different than Gradual change because it does not happen over time. |
| Speciation | When a new species is formed from another one because of natural selction |
| Sugar-phosphate backbone | The back bone of DNA is a polymer that has four bases of A, T, C, and G |
Created by:
Graeme.N