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Oriole IB Organelles
fold-ables, ch 4 work
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| DIVISION OF LABOR | concept that describes how each cell type in an organism has a specific job to do, so that any one cell type doesn't have to do everything by itself |
| MICROFILAMENTS | these structures make up part of the cytoskeleton in living cells as well as part of your muscle cells, allowing them to contract |
| MITOCHONDRIA | these organelles have a double-layered membrane and are used to release energy from food particles brought into the cell |
| RIBOSOMES | in all living cells, proteins needed for 'life' functions are all synthesized (built) on these structures |
| FLUID MOSAIC MODEL | this name is a way of describing the liquid composition of the lipid bilayer that also includes things that are embedded or 'stuck' in that liquid membrane |
| CHROMATIN | the mass of genetic material found inside the nuclear membrane that will turn into individual chromosomes when the cell gets ready to divide |
| ORGANELLES | these specific packages or areas inside a living cell are specialized to carry out specific tasks so the cell can function and survive |
| DIFFUSION | how particles move randomly from where there are very high numbers of them toward areas where there are a lot fewer of those particles |
| CENTRIOLES | structures found in animal cells but NOT plant cells; they are responsible for controlling cell division (mitosis) |
| MULTICELLULAR | these types of organisms are composed of many, many cells (and cell types) instead of just one single cell |
| FUNCTIONS | all cells perform basic life _____ through the use of specific organelles that allow the cell to survive |
| CELLS | these are considered to be the basic units of structure and function in living, multicellular organisms |
| NUCLEOPLASM | the liquid material (protoplasm) of a cell that is only found INSIDE the nuclear membrane would be called this… |
| WATER | protoplasm contains proteins, fats, oils, carbohydrates, minerals, and ions, but is composed mostly (about 70%) of this… |
| UNICELLULAR | organisms that are composed of just a single cell that performs ALL life functions by itself are considered to be… |
| DIGEST | all living cells must be able to _____ the tiny food particles it receives in order to release the chemical energy stored in them to carry out 'life' functions |
| CYTOPLASM | the liquid material (protoplasm) of a cell that can only be found OUTSIDE the nucleus is otherwise known as this… |
| PLASMA (CELL) MEMBRANE | structure composed of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins that controls movement into and out of living cells |
| ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM | serves as a 'highway system' for transporting proteins and other particles within a cell; is sometimes covered with ribosomes |
| CYTOPLASM | a gel-like, watery substance that supports cell shape, holds organelles in place, and stores dissolved nutrients and minerals in suspension |
| MITOCHONDRIA | uses oxygen to break down small food molecules and release energy by breaking chemical bonds; the 'powerhouse' of the cell |
| RIBOSOME | the site of amino acid linkage; function is similar to a protein 'assembly line' or 'manufacturing plant' |
| CHLOROPLAST | responsible for 'food' production in producer cells using light energy and raw materials from the soil and air |
| CILIA | lots of tiny little 'hairs' that are used to move things across the cell surface OR to move the cell through its environment |
| CYTOSKELETON | internal arrangement of microtubules and microfilaments used for maintaining cell shape and aids in cell division |
| PEROXISOMES | acts as a sort of 'detox center' for the cell by changing toxins or other harmful substances (like fatty acids and alcohol) into water and carbon dioxide |
| NUCLEOLUS | part of the control center whose function is to provide the cell with the necessary 'parts' of the protein-making organelles |
| CENTRAL VACUOLE | this is used primarily for storage of water, starch, or waste in plant cells - kind of like a living 'warehouse' |
| GOLGI APPARATUS | the 'post office' of a living cell, since it repackages, labels, and ships newly formed proteins to where they are needed in the cell |
| LYSOSOME | this organelle helps out the 'powerhouse' by breaking down large food particles into smaller pieces that it can use directly, acting like a 'stomach' for the cell |
| CELL WALL | cell structure found only in plant cells; it acts as an outside support system, composed of cellulose; think of a 'rough-framed' house with no siding or sheetrock |
| NUCLEUS | primary cell organelle that is surrounded by a double-membrane; contains genetic material (DNA) and is known as the 'brain' of the cell |
| VESICLES | produced by Golgi apparatus, cell membrane, or endoplasmic reticulum; these act as temporary storage packets and are often called the 'backpacks' of the cell |
Created by:
nstevens
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