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Our Changing Earth
Weathering and Erosion, Plate Movements, interior, and rocks
Term | Definition |
---|---|
weathering | the process by which rock is broken down into smaller pieces |
gravity | this can cause rocks to fall down a hill |
deposition | the dropping of weathered rock by wind or moving water |
sediment | very small pieces of rock;examples include sand and silt |
erosion | removal of soil and rock from the Earth's surface |
Grand Canyon | formed by the moving water of the Colorado River |
crust | Earth's rocky outer layer |
mantle | layer below the Earth's crust |
outer core | made of molten, liquid metal |
inner core | made of solid iron and nickel |
crust | thinnest under oceans and thickest under mountains |
mantle | contains some liquid rock, but mostly solid rock |
outer core | source of Earth's magnetic field is Iron from this core |
inner core | Earth's hottest layer |
crust | least dense and thinnest layer |
mantle | most dense and thickest layer |
crust | hard and made of many minerals |
mantle | makes up about 2/3 of Earth's mass |
convergent | when two plates collide or travel toward each other |
divergent | when two plates move away from each other |
transform | when two plates slide past each other |
convergent | this type of boundary forms volcanoes and mountains |
divergent | this type of boundary forms ridges and rift valleys |
transform | this type of boundary causes earthquakes |
sedimentary rocks | formed by compaction and cementation of sediments |
sediments | small pieces of rock; examples include sand and silt |
igneous rocks | rocks formed near volcanoes by melting and cooling |
metamorphic rocks | rocks formed by heat and pressure |