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The Solar System
The Solar System and the Universe Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| How many planets in the solar system? | 8 planets in the solar system |
| What does revolve mean? | orbit, travel |
| How many planets revolve around the sun | All planets |
| What causes a year? | Revolutions around the sun |
| What do all planets rotate on? | their axis |
| What does the rotation on the axis cause? | Day and night |
| How many inner planets are there? | 4 inner planets |
| How many outer planets are there? | 4 outer planets |
| What are attributes of the 4 inner planets? | solid rocky surface, very dense, thin atmosphere, small diameters, large solid cores, few moons, shorter revolution times |
| What are the 4 inner planets? | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars |
| What are the attributes of Mercury? | no moons, craters, smallest planet |
| What are the attributes of Venus? | thick clouds that trap carbon dioxide and heat the planet, no moons |
| What are the attributes of Earth? | perfect distance from Sun for life, one moon |
| What are the 4 outer planets? | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune |
| What are the attributes of Jupiter? | largest planet, Great Red Spot, 63 moons |
| What are the attributes of Saturn? | second largest, thousands of rings, 61 moons |
| What are the attributes of Uranus? | rotates on its side, bright clouds from surface gases, 27 moons |
| What are the attributes of Neptune? | windiest planet, Great Dark Spot, 13 moons |
| Asteroids | made of rock and iron, orbins the sun, found between Mars and Jupiter in the asteroid belot |
| Meteoroid | piece of rock that breaks off an asteroid and travels through space |
| Meteor | when a meteoroid burns up in Earths atmosphere causing a streak of light |
| Meteorite | when a meteoroid reaches Earth's surface |
| Galaxies | our solar system is part of the milky way galaxy, located on one of its arms |
| Spiral (Milky Way's shape) | like a pinwheel, bulge of older stars in the center with a rotating disk of younger stars, gas and dust |
| Barred spiral galaxy | may have 2 or more spiral arms, young stars at the center |
| Irregular galaxy | no particular shape, lots of gas and dust to form new stars |
| Elliptical galaxy | brightest at their center, shaped like a shere or flattened glob, made up of old stars and little gas/dust |
| light year | 4.5,878,786,100,000 miles |
| star | A ball of light glowing gas |
| What is the closest star to earth? | Sun |
| Why does the sun appear so large? | Because it is the closest star to earth |
| Sun | medium sized yellow star |
| What are stars classified by? | Color, temperature, brightness and size |
| Are stars that are the same color the same temperature? | Yes |
| What is color is the coolest temperature for a star? | red |
| What color is a medium temperature for a star? | yellow |
| What color is the hottest temperature for a star? | blue |
| What are seasons caused by? | Earth's tilt on its axis |
| As the earth revolves the sun does its tilt remain the same? | yes |
| What season is it when the Northern hemisphere is titled toward the sun? | summer |
| What season is it when the Northern hemisphere is titled away from the sun? | winter |
| What are the four seasons? | Winter, Spring, Summer, Fall |
| What months make up the winter? | dec, jan, feb |
| What months make up the spring? | march, april, may |
| What months make up the summer? | june, july, august |
| What months make up the fall? | september, october, november |
| Is the moon the earth's only satellite? | Yes |
| How often does the moon orbit the earth | every 29.5 days (about a month) |
| What are the moons phases? | New moon, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter moon, waning crescent, |
| New moon | lit side of the moon is not facing earth(moon is between earth and sun) |
| Waxing crescent | increasing in size, small sliver of the moon |
| first quarter | 1/2 moon is visible |
| waxing gibbous | decreasing in |
| waning gibbous | decreasing in size, headed to a 3rd quarter moon |
| third quarter moon | 1/2 the moon is visible, still getting smaller |
| waning crescent | decreasing in size, small sliver of the moon |
| new moon | lit side of the moon is not facing earth (moon is between earth and sun) |
Created by:
davesam1925
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